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Our society is plagued by several biases, including racial biases, caste biases, and gender bias. As a matter of fact, several years ago, most of these notions were unheard of. These biases passed through generations along with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Lavisha Aggarwal , Shruti Bhargava

Current bias evaluations in Instruction Text-to-Speech (ITTS) often rely on univariate testing, overlooking the compositional structure of social cues. In this work, we investigate gender bias by modeling prompts as combinations of Social…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Kuan-Yu Chen , Yi-Cheng Lin , Po-Chung Hsieh , Huang-Cheng Chou , Chih-Fan Hsu , Jeng-Lin Li , Hung-yi Lee , Jian-Jiun Ding

Multilingual text-to-image (T2I) models have advanced rapidly in terms of visual realism and semantic alignment, and are now widely utilized. Yet outputs vary across cultural contexts: because language carries cultural connotations, images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Chuancheng Shi , Shangze Li , Shiming Guo , Simiao Xie , Wenhua Wu , Jingtong Dou , Chao Wu , Canran Xiao , Cong Wang , Zifeng Cheng , Fei Shen , Tat-Seng Chua

Several studies have raised awareness about social biases in image generative models, demonstrating their predisposition towards stereotypes and imbalances. This paper contributes to this growing body of research by introducing an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Yankun Wu , Yuta Nakashima , Noa Garcia

There are concerns that neural language models may preserve some of the stereotypes of the underlying societies that generate the large corpora needed to train these models. For example, gender bias is a significant problem when generating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-04 Omar U. Florez

In this paper, we present an empirical study introducing a nuanced evaluation framework for text-to-image (T2I) generative models, applied to human image synthesis. Our framework categorizes evaluations into two distinct groups: first,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Muxi Chen , Yi Liu , Jian Yi , Changran Xu , Qiuxia Lai , Hongliang Wang , Tsung-Yi Ho , Qiang Xu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to assess moral or ethical statements, yet their judgments may reflect social and linguistic biases. This work presents a controlled, sentence-level study of how grammatical person, number,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Gustavo Lúcius Fernandes , Jeiverson C. V. M. Santos , Pedro O. S. Vaz-de-Melo

Gender bias in Language and Vision datasets and models has the potential to perpetuate harmful stereotypes and discrimination. We analyze gender bias in two Language and Vision datasets. Consistent with prior work, we find that both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Sophia Harrison , Eleonora Gualdoni , Gemma Boleda

Generative image models produce striking visuals yet often misrepresent culture. Prior work has examined cultural bias mainly in text-to-image (T2I) systems, leaving image-to-image (I2I) editors underexplored. We bridge this gap with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Huichan Seo , Sieun Choi , Minki Hong , Yi Zhou , Junseo Kim , Lukman Ismaila , Naome Etori , Mehul Agarwal , Zhixuan Liu , Jihie Kim , Jean Oh

Text-to-image (T2I) generative models have gained increased popularity in the public domain. While boasting impressive user-guided generative abilities, their black-box nature exposes users to intentionally- and intrinsically-biased…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Jordan Vice , Naveed Akhtar , Richard Hartley , Ajmal Mian

Large language models (LLMs) often inherit and amplify social biases embedded in their training data. A prominent social bias is gender bias. In this regard, prior work has mainly focused on gender stereotyping bias - the association of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Erik Derner , Sara Sansalvador de la Fuente , Yoan Gutiérrez , Paloma Moreda , Nuria Oliver

STEM fields are traditionally male-dominated, with gender biases shaping perceptions of job accessibility. This study analyzed gender representation in STEM occupation images generated by OpenAI DALL-E 3 \& Black Forest FLUX.1 using 150…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Finn Böckling , Jan Marquenie , Ingo Siegert

Text-to-Image (T2I) generative models have revolutionized content creation, yet they inherently risk amplifying societal biases. While sociological research provides systematic classifications of bias, existing T2I benchmarks largely…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Hanjun Luo , Zhimu Huang , Haoyu Huang , Ziye Deng , Ruizhe Chen , Xinfeng Li , Zuozhu Liu , Hanan Salam

Social media has exacerbated the promotion of Western beauty norms, leading to negative self-image, particularly in women and girls, and causing harm such as body dysmorphia. Increasingly content on the internet has been artificially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Tanvi Dinkar , Aiqi Jiang , Gavin Abercrombie , Ioannis Konstas

Text-to-Image (TTI) models are powerful creative tools but risk amplifying harmful social biases. We frame representational societal bias assessment as an image curation and evaluation task and introduce a pilot benchmark of occupational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Shaina Raza , Maximus Powers , Partha Pratim Saha , Mahveen Raza , Rizwan Qureshi

One of the latest applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is to generate images from natural language descriptions. These generators are now becoming available and achieve impressive results that have been used for example in the front…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-18 Pedro Reviriego , Elena Merino-Gómez

Imagine a princess asleep in a castle, waiting for her prince to slay the dragon and rescue her. Tales like the famous Sleeping Beauty clearly divide up gender roles. But what about more modern stories, borne of a generation increasingly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-03-30 Ethan Fast , Tina Vachovsky , Michael S. Bernstein

Language models have been shown to propagate social bias through their output, particularly in the representation of gender and ethnicity. This paper investigates gender and ethnicity biases in AI-generated occupational stories.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Martha O. Dimgba , Sharon Oba , Ameeta Agrawal , Philippe J. Giabbanelli

Language models encode and subsequently perpetuate harmful gendered stereotypes. Research has succeeded in mitigating some of these harms, e.g. by dissociating non-gendered terms such as occupations from gendered terms such as 'woman' and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Franziska Sofia Hafner , Ana Valdivia , Luc Rocher

Text-to-image generative AI models such as Stable Diffusion are used daily by millions worldwide. However, the extent to which these models exhibit racial and gender stereotypes is not yet fully understood. Here, we document significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Nouar AlDahoul , Talal Rahwan , Yasir Zaki