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We study Nash equilibrium learning in partially observable Markov games (POMGs), a multi-agent reinforcement learning framework in which agents cannot fully observe the underlying state. Prior work in this setting relies on centralization…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Philip Jordan , Maryam Kamgarpour

We consider multi-agent decision making, where each agent optimizes its cost function subject to constraints. Agents' actions belong to a compact convex Euclidean space and the agents' cost functions are coupled. We propose a distributed…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-12-01 Tatiana Tatarenko , Maryam Kamgarpour

We provide a distributed algorithm to learn a Nash equilibrium in a class of non-cooperative games with strongly monotone mappings and unconstrained action sets. Each player has access to her own smooth local cost function and can…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-07-17 Tatiana Tatarenko , Angelia Nedich

This paper considers a stochastic Nash game in which each player minimizes an expectation valued composite objective. We make the following contributions. (I) Under suitable monotonicity assumptions on the concatenated gradient map, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-05-25 Jinlong Lei , Uday V. Shanbhag

This paper develops a predictive compensation framework for finite-horizon, discrete-time linear quadratic dynamic games subject to Gauss-Markov execution deviations from feedback Nash strategies. One player's control is corrupted by…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Navid Mojahed , Mahdis Rabbani , Shima Nazari

Provably efficient and robust equilibrium computation in general-sum Markov games remains a core challenge in multi-agent reinforcement learning. Nash equilibrium is computationally intractable in general and brittle due to equilibrium…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Jake Gonzales , Max Horwitz , Eric Mazumdar , Lillian J. Ratliff

This paper investigates the two-person zero-sum stochastic games for piece-wise deterministic Markov decision processes with risk-sensitive finite-horizon cost criterion on a general state space. Here, the transition and cost/reward rates…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-15 Subrata Golui

A robust game is a distribution-free model to handle ambiguity generated by a bounded set of possible realizations of the values of players' payoff functions. The players are worst-case optimizers and a solution, called robust-optimization…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-02-11 Giovanni Paolo Crespi , Davide Radi , Matteo Rocca

Multi-agent learning is a challenging problem in machine learning that has applications in different domains such as distributed control, robotics, and economics. We develop a prescriptive model of multi-agent behavior using Markov games.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Jalal Etesami , Christoph-Nikolas Straehle

Finding Nash equilibria in two-player zero-sum imperfect-information games remains a central challenge in multi-agent reinforcement learning. Recent multi-round regularization methods offer a promising direction, yet existing approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Eason Yu , Tzu Hao Liu , Clément L. Canonne , Yunke Wang , Chang Xu , Nguyen H. Tran , Stefano V. Albrecht

Finding optimal policies which maximize long term rewards of Markov Decision Processes requires the use of dynamic programming and backward induction to solve the Bellman optimality equation. However, many real-world problems require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Mridul Agarwal , Vaneet Aggarwal

Stochastic games generalize Markov decision processes (MDPs) to a multiagent setting by allowing the state transitions to depend jointly on all player actions, and having rewards determined by multiplayer matrix games at each state. We…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-01-18 Michael Kearns , Yishay Mansour , Satinder Singh

We study non-rectangular robust Markov decision processes under the average-reward criterion, where the ambiguity set couples transition probabilities across states and the adversary commits to a stationary kernel for the entire horizon. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-11 Shengbo Wang , Nian Si

Motivated by applications in job scheduling, queuing networks, and load balancing in cyber-physical systems, we develop and analyze a game-theoretic framework to balance the load among servers in static and dynamic settings. In these…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Fatemeh Fardno , S. Rasoul Etesami

Game theory is a very profound study on distributed decision-making behavior and has been extensively developed by many scholars. However, many existing works rely on certain strict assumptions such as knowing the opponent's private…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Kuo Chun Tsai , Zhu Han

In interactive multi-agent settings, decision-making and planning are challenging mainly due to the agents' interconnected objectives. Dynamic game theory offers a formal framework for analyzing such intricacies. Yet, solving constrained…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Maulik Bhatt , Yixuan Jia , Negar Mehr

We study the global convergence of policy optimization for finding the Nash equilibria (NE) in zero-sum linear quadratic (LQ) games. To this end, we first investigate the landscape of LQ games, viewing it as a nonconvex-nonconcave…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Kaiqing Zhang , Zhuoran Yang , Tamer Başar

One of the proposed solutions to the equilibrium selection problem for agents learning in repeated games is obtained via the notion of stochastic stability. Learning algorithms are perturbed so that the Markov chain underlying the learning…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-07-09 John Wicks , Amy Greenwald

In this paper, we explore aggregative games over networks of multi-integrator agents with coupled constraints. To reach the general Nash equilibrium of an aggregative game, a distributed strategy-updating rule is proposed by a combination…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-02-27 Xin Cai , Feng Xiao , Bo Wei

In this paper, we investigate the impact of introducing relative entropy regularization on the Nash Equilibria (NE) of General-Sum $N$-agent games, revealing the fact that the NE of such games conform to linear Gaussian policies. Moreover,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Muhammad Aneeq uz Zaman , Shubham Aggarwal , Melih Bastopcu , Tamer Başar