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In this paper, we propose a new type of graph, denoted as "embedded-graph", and its theory, which employs a distributed representation to describe the relations on the graph edges. Embedded-graphs can express linguistic and complicated…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-09-15 Atsushi Yokoyama

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are powerful tools for learning from graph-structured data, but their scalability is increasingly strained by the size of real-world graphs in domains like recommender systems, fraud detection, and molecular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Mridul Gupta , Samyak Jain , Vansh Ramani , Hariprasad Kodamana , Sayan Ranu

The MEG (minimum equivalent graph) problem is, given a directed graph, to find a small subset of the edges that maintains all reachability relations between nodes. The problem is NP-hard. This paper gives an approximation algorithm with…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-06-02 Samir Khuller , Balaji Raghavachari , Neal E. Young

We present Graph Random Neural Features (GRNF), a novel embedding method from graph-structured data to real vectors based on a family of graph neural networks. The embedding naturally deals with graph isomorphism and preserves the metric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-03 Daniele Zambon , Cesare Alippi , Lorenzo Livi

The \emph{$k$-restricted edge-connectivity} of a graph $G$, denoted by $\lambda_k(G)$, is defined as the minimum size of an edge set whose removal leaves exactly two connected components each containing at least $k$ vertices. This graph…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-09-20 Luis Pedro Montejano , Ignasi Sau

The \textit{biharmonic distance} (BD) is a fundamental metric that measures the distance of two nodes in a graph. It has found applications in network coherence, machine learning, and computational graphics, among others. In spite of BD's…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Changan Liu , Ahad N. Zehmakan , Zhongzhi Zhang

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a connected graph, let $v\in V$ be a vertex and let $e=uw\in E$ be an edge. The distance between the vertex $v$ and the edge $e$ is given by $d_G(e,v)=\min\{d_G(u,v),d_G(w,v)\}$. A vertex $w\in V$ distinguishes two edges…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-02-02 Aleksander Kelenc , Niko Tratnik , Ismael G. Yero

A large driver of the complexity of graph learning is the interplay between structure and features. When analyzing the expressivity of graph neural networks, however, existing approaches ignore features in favor of structure, making it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Martin Carrasco , Olga Zaghen , Kavir Sumaraj , Erik Bekkers , Bastian Rieck

Graph Visualization, also known as Graph Drawing, aims to find geometric embeddings of graphs that optimize certain criteria. Stress is a widely used metric; stress is minimized when every pair of nodes is positioned at their shortest path…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Florian Grötschla , Joël Mathys , Robert Veres , Roger Wattenhofer

Graph generative models are a highly active branch of machine learning. Given the steady development of new models of ever-increasing complexity, it is necessary to provide a principled way to evaluate and compare them. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Leslie O'Bray , Max Horn , Bastian Rieck , Karsten Borgwardt

Similarity search is a fundamental task for exploiting information in various applications dealing with graph data, such as citation networks or knowledge graphs. While this task has been intensively approached from heuristics to graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Daniel Daza , Cuong Xuan Chu , Trung-Kien Tran , Daria Stepanova , Michael Cochez , Paul Groth

The recent rapid growth in mobile data traffic entails a pressing demand for improving the throughput of the underlying wireless communication networks. Network node deployment has been considered as an effective approach for throughput…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Yifei Yang , Dongmian Zou , Xiaofan He

Metric learning has the aim to improve classification accuracy by learning a distance measure which brings data points from the same class closer together and pushes data points from different classes further apart. Recent research has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-17 Benjamin Paaßen , Claudio Gallicchio , Alessio Micheli , Barbara Hammer

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are processing architectures that exploit graph structural information to model representations from network data. Despite their success, GNNs suffer from sub-optimal generalization performance given limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Zhan Gao , Subhrajit Bhattacharya , Leiming Zhang , Rick S. Blum , Alejandro Ribeiro , Brian M. Sadler

In this paper, we propose an end-to-end graph learning framework, namely Deep Iterative and Adaptive Learning for Graph Neural Networks (DIAL-GNN), for jointly learning the graph structure and graph embeddings simultaneously. We first cast…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-18 Yu Chen , Lingfei Wu , Mohammed J. Zaki

We study an extension of the classical graph cut problem, wherein we replace the modular (sum of edge weights) cost function by a submodular set function defined over graph edges. Special cases of this problem have appeared in different…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-03-29 Stefanie Jegelka , Jeff Bilmes

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are commonly described as being permutation equivariant with respect to node relabeling in the graph. This symmetry of GNNs is often compared to the translation equivariance of Euclidean convolution neural…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-20 Ningyuan Huang , Ron Levie , Soledad Villar

Graphs are versatile tools for representing structured data. As a result, a variety of machine learning methods have been studied for graph data analysis. Although many such learning methods depend on the measurement of differences between…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-18 Tomoki Yoshida , Ichiro Takeuchi , Masayuki Karasuyama

An important structural feature of a graph is its set of edges, as it captures the relationships among the nodes (the graph's topology). Existing node label noise models like Symmetric Label Noise (SLN) and Class Conditional Noise (CCN)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Pintu Kumar , Nandyala Hemachandra

For a graph $G$ spanning a metric space, the dilation of a pair of points is the ratio of their distance in the shortest path graph metric to their distance in the metric space. Given a graph $G$ and a budget $k$, a classic problem is to…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Sariel Har-Peled , Eliot W. Robson