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Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success as model sizes continue to grow, yet their deployment remains challenging due to significant computational and memory demands. Quantization has emerged as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Yu Zhang , Mingzi Wang , Lancheng Zou , Wulong Liu , Hui-Ling Zhen , Mingxuan Yuan , Bei Yu

This paper proposes a novel matrix quantization method, Binary Quadratic Quantization (BQQ). In contrast to conventional first-order quantization approaches, such as uniform quantization and binary coding quantization, that approximate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Kyo Kuroki , Yasuyuki Okoshi , Thiem Van Chu , Kazushi Kawamura , Masato Motomura

Low-bit quantization emerges as one of the most promising compression approaches for deploying deep neural networks on edge devices. Mixed-precision quantization leverages a mixture of bit-widths to unleash the accuracy and efficiency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Wei Huang , Haotong Qin , Yangdong Liu , Jingzhuo Liang , Yulun Zhang , Ying Li , Xianglong Liu

Large language models (LLMs) deliver impressive results for a variety of tasks, but state-of-the-art systems require fast GPUs with large amounts of memory. To reduce both the memory and latency of these systems, practitioners quantize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Gautom Das , Vincent La , Ethan Lau , Abhinav Shrivastava , Matthew Gwilliam

Quantization is an effective technique to reduce memory footprint, inference latency, and power consumption of deep learning models. However, existing quantization methods suffer from accuracy degradation compared to full-precision (FP)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Zheng Wang , Juncheng B Li , Shuhui Qu , Florian Metze , Emma Strubell

Data-free quantization (DFQ) is a technique that creates a lightweight network from its full-precision counterpart without the original training data, often through a synthetic dataset. Although several DFQ methods have been proposed for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Kanghyun Choi , Hye Yoon Lee , Dain Kwon , SunJong Park , Kyuyeun Kim , Noseong Park , Jonghyun Choi , Jinho Lee

This paper presents incremental network quantization (INQ), a novel method, targeting to efficiently convert any pre-trained full-precision convolutional neural network (CNN) model into a low-precision version whose weights are constrained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-28 Aojun Zhou , Anbang Yao , Yiwen Guo , Lin Xu , Yurong Chen

Dynamic quantization has attracted rising attention in image super-resolution (SR) as it expands the potential of heavy SR models onto mobile devices while preserving competitive performance. Existing methods explore layer-to-bit…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-24 Mingshen Wang , Zhao Zhang , Feng Li , Ke Xu , Kang Miao , Meng Wang

Quantization-Aware Training (QAT) is a critical technique for deploying deep neural networks on resource-constrained devices. However, existing methods often face two major challenges: the highly non-uniform distribution of activations and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Shaohang Jia , Zhiyong Huang , Zhi Yu , Mingyang Hou , Shuai Miao , Han Yang

Serving large-scale machine learning (ML) models efficiently and with low latency has become challenging owing to increasing model size and complexity. Quantizing models can simultaneously reduce memory and compute requirements,…

Deploying neural networks on microcontroller units (MCUs) presents substantial challenges due to their constrained computation and memory resources. Previous researches have explored patch-based inference as a strategy to conserve memory…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Wei Tao , Shenglin He , Kai Lu , Xiaoyang Qu , Guokuan Li , Jiguang Wan , Jianzong Wang , Jing Xiao

It is critical to deploy complicated neural network models on hardware with limited resources. This paper proposes a novel model quantization method, named the Low-Cost Proxy-Based Adaptive Mixed-Precision Model Quantization (LCPAQ), which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Junzhe Chen , Qiao Yang , Senmao Tian , Shunli Zhang

The optimal bit-width for achieving the best trade-off between quantized model size and accuracy has been a subject of ongoing debate. While some advocate for 4-bit quantization, others propose that 1.58-bit offers superior results.…

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the natural language processing paradigm but impose substantial demands on memory and computational resources. Quantization is one of the most effective ways to reduce memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Xilong Xie , Liang Wang , Limin Xiao , Meng Han , Lin Sun , Shuai Zheng , Xiangrong Xu

Deep learning methods have established a significant place in image classification. While prior research has focused on enhancing final outcomes, the opaque nature of the decision-making process in these models remains a concern for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Elmira Mousa Rezabeyk , Salar Beigzad , Yasin Hamzavi , Mohsen Bagheritabar , Seyedeh Sogol Mirikhoozani

For efficient neural network inference, it is desirable to achieve state-of-the-art accuracy with the simplest networks requiring the least computation, memory, and power. Quantizing networks to lower precision is a powerful technique for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Deepika Bablani , Jeffrey L. Mckinstry , Steven K. Esser , Rathinakumar Appuswamy , Dharmendra S. Modha

Frame permutation quantization (FPQ) is a new vector quantization technique using finite frames. In FPQ, a vector is encoded using a permutation source code to quantize its frame expansion. This means that the encoding is a partial ordering…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-24 Ha Q. Nguyen , Vivek K Goyal , Lav R. Varshney

Deep neural networks with adaptive configurations have gained increasing attention due to the instant and flexible deployment of these models on platforms with different resource budgets. In this paper, we investigate a novel option to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Qing Jin , Linjie Yang , Zhenyu Liao

Neural networks with sub-microsecond inference latency are required by many critical applications. Targeting such applications deployed on FPGAs, we present High Granularity Quantization (HGQ), a quantization-aware training framework that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Chang Sun , Zhiqiang Que , Thea K. Årrestad , Vladimir Loncar , Jennifer Ngadiuba , Wayne Luk , Maria Spiropulu

Quantization is an effective approach to reduce the memory footprint and inference cost of large language models (LLMs), yet maintaining performance in the ultra-low-bit regime remains challenging. Existing post-training methods often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Phong Nam Huu Nguyen , Khoi M. Le , Cong-Duy T Nguyen , Anh Tuan Luu , Thong Thanh Nguyen , Tho Quan