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Large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) have been increasingly used in robotics for high-level cognition, but their use for low-level cognition, such as interpreting sensor information, remains underexplored. In…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Masashi Osada , Gustavo A. Garcia Ricardez , Yosuke Suzuki , Tadahiro Taniguchi

Speech-only spoken language models (SLMs) lag behind text and text-speech models in performance, with recent discrete autoregressive (AR) SLMs indicating significant computational and data demands to match text models. Since discretizing…

The representation space of pretrained Language Models (LMs) encodes rich information about words and their relationships (e.g., similarity, hypernymy, polysemy) as well as abstract semantic notions (e.g., intensity). In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Qing Lyu , Marianna Apidianaki , Chris Callison-Burch

Controlling stylistic attributes in large language models (LLMs) remains challenging, with existing approaches relying on either prompt engineering or post-training alignment. This paper investigates this challenge through the lens of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Zhenyu Xu , Victor S. Sheng

Sensory language expresses embodied experiences ranging from taste and sound to excitement and stomachache. This language is of interest to scholars from a wide range of domains including robotics, narratology, linguistics, and cognitive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Rebecca M. M. Hicke , Sil Hamilton , David Mimno

Neurological disorders that affect speech production, such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD), significantly impact the lives of both patients and caregivers, whether through social, psycho-emotional effects or other aspects not yet fully…

Sound symbolism is a linguistic concept that refers to non-arbitrary associations between phonetic forms and their meanings. We suggest that this can be a compelling probe into how Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) interpret auditory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Jinhong Jeong , Sunghyun Lee , Jaeyoung Lee , Seonah Han , Youngjae Yu

Large language models generate judgments that resemble those of humans. Yet the extent to which these models align with human judgments in interpreting figurative and socially grounded language remains uncertain. To investigate this, human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Samhita Bollepally , Aurora Sloman-Moll , Takashi Yamauchi

Sequential Recommendation (SR) task involves predicting the next item a user is likely to interact with, given their past interactions. The SR models examine the sequence of a user's actions to discern more complex behavioral patterns and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Wujiang Xu , Qitian Wu , Zujie Liang , Jiaojiao Han , Xuying Ning , Yunxiao Shi , Wenfang Lin , Yongfeng Zhang

Textless spoken language models (SLMs) are generative models of speech that do not rely on text supervision. Most textless SLMs learn to predict the next semantic token, a discrete representation of linguistic content, and rely on a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Ju-Chieh Chou , Jiawei Zhou , Karen Livescu

While textless Spoken Language Models (SLMs) have shown potential in end-to-end speech-to-speech modeling, they still lag behind text-based Large Language Models (LLMs) in terms of semantic coherence and relevance. This work introduces the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Guan-Ting Lin , Prashanth Gurunath Shivakumar , Aditya Gourav , Yile Gu , Ankur Gandhe , Hung-yi Lee , Ivan Bulyko

Speech Integrated Large Language Models (SILLMs) combine large language models with speech perception to perform diverse tasks, such as emotion recognition to speaker verification, demonstrating universal audio understanding capability.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-22 Yi-Cheng Lin , Tzu-Quan Lin , Chih-Kai Yang , Ke-Han Lu , Wei-Chih Chen , Chun-Yi Kuan , Hung-yi Lee

Emotion recognition from speech is a challenging task that requires capturing both linguistic and paralinguistic cues, with critical applications in human-computer interaction and mental health monitoring. Recent works have highlighted the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-21 Hugo Thimonier , Antony Perzo , Renaud Seguier

Sentiment analysis serves as a pivotal component in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Advancements in multilingual pre-trained models such as XLM-R and mT5 have contributed to the increasing interest in cross-lingual sentiment analysis.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Xiliang Zhu , Shayna Gardiner , Tere Roldán , David Rossouw

Leader-follower interaction is an important paradigm in human-robot interaction (HRI). Yet, assigning roles in real time remains challenging for resource-constrained mobile and assistive robots. While large language models (LLMs) have shown…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Rafael R. Baptista , André de Lima Salgado , Ricardo V. Godoy , Marcelo Becker , Thiago Boaventura , Gustavo J. G. Lahr

Word sense plausibility rating requires predicting the human-perceived plausibility of a given word sense on a 1-5 scale in the context of short narrative stories containing ambiguous homonyms. This paper systematically compares three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Tong Wu , Thanet Markchom , Huizhi Liang

Black-box probing models can reliably extract linguistic features like tense, number, and syntactic role from pretrained word representations. However, the manner in which these features are encoded in representations remains poorly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Evan Hernandez , Jacob Andreas

The emergence of Small Language Models (SLMs) as privacy-preserving alternatives for sensitive applications raises a fundamental question about their inherent understanding capabilities compared to Large Language Models (LLMs). This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Hong Jia , Shiya Fu , Feng Xia , Vassilis Kostakos , Ting Dang

The long-standing one-to-many problem of gold standard responses in open-domain dialogue systems presents challenges for automatic evaluation metrics. Though prior works have demonstrated some success by applying powerful Large Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Kun Zhao , Bohao Yang , Chen Tang , Chenghua Lin , Liang Zhan

Large Language Model (LLM) alignment conventionally relies on supervised fine-tuning or reinforcement learning based alignment frameworks. These methods typically require labeled or preference datasets and involve updating model weights to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Reem I. Masoud , Martin Ferianc , Philip Treleaven , Miguel Rodrigues