Related papers: Advancing Science- and Evidence-based AI Policy

This study empirically examines the "Evaluative AI" framework, which aims to enhance the decision-making process for AI users by transitioning from a recommendation-based approach to a hypothesis-driven one. Rather than offering direct…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is progressing rapidly, and companies are shifting their focus to developing generalist AI systems that can autonomously act and pursue goals. Increases in capabilities and autonomy may soon massively amplify…

Biology is at the precipice of a new era where AI accelerates and amplifies the ability to study how cells operate, organize, and work as systems, revealing why disease happens and how to correct it. Organizations globally are prioritizing…

Persuasion is a fundamental aspect of communication, influencing decision-making across diverse contexts, from everyday conversations to high-stakes scenarios such as politics, marketing, and law. The rise of conversational AI systems has…

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes more prevalent, protecting personal privacy is a critical ethical issue that must be addressed. This article explores the need for ethical AI systems that safeguard individual privacy while complying…

Language-based AI systems are diffusing into society, bringing positive and negative impacts. Mitigating negative impacts depends on accurate impact assessments, drawn from an empirical evidence base that makes causal connections between AI…

Recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) have permeated through an array of different immersive environments, including virtual, augmented, and mixed realities. AI brings a wealth of potential that centers on its ability to…

Inspired by recent and revolutionary developments in AI, particularly in language understanding and generation, we set about designing AI systems that are able to address complex scientific tasks that challenge human capabilities to make…

AI advancements have been significantly driven by a combination of foundation models and curiosity-driven learning aimed at increasing capability and adaptability. Within this landscape, open-endedness, where AI agents autonomously and…

This paper critically examines the evolving ethical and regulatory challenges posed by the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in cybersecurity. We trace the historical development of AI regulation, highlighting major milestones…

This position paper argues for two claims regarding AI testing and evaluation. First, to remain informative about deployment behaviour, evaluations need account for the possibility that AI systems understand their circumstances and reason…

The use of science for policy is at the core of a perfect storm generated by the insurgence of several concurrent crises: of science, of trust, of sustainability. The modern positivistic model of science for policy, known as evidence based…

As artificial intelligence increasingly influences our world, it becomes crucial to assess its technical progress and societal impact. This paper surveys problems and opportunities in the measurement of AI systems and their impact, based on…

How to integrate an emerging and all-pervasive technology such as AI into the structures and operations of our society is a question of contemporary politics, science and public debate. It has produced a considerable amount of international…

The debate on AI ethics largely focuses on technical improvements and stronger regulation to prevent accidents or misuse of AI, with solutions relying on holding individual actors accountable for responsible AI development. While useful and…

Policy-mandated, rigorously administered scientific testing is needed to provide transparency into the efficacy of artificial intelligence-based (AI-based) cyber defense tools for consumers and to prioritize future research and development.…

As the possibilities for Artificial Intelligence (AI) have grown, so have concerns regarding its impacts on society and the environment. However, these issues are often raised separately; i.e. carbon footprint analyses of AI models…

Because artificial intelligence (AI) increasingly mediates organizational work, fairness has become a critical governance challenge. Existing frameworks often prioritize abstract ethical principles rather than fairness-specific ones and…

AI is transforming research. It is being leveraged to construct surveys, synthesize data, conduct analysis, and write summaries of the results. While the promise is to create efficiencies and increase quality, the reality is not always as…

The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present unique challenges for policymakers that seek to govern the technology. In this context, the Delphi method has become an established way to identify consensus and disagreement on…