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We present a protocol to simulate the quantum correlations of an arbitrary bipartite state, when the parties perform a measurement according to two traceless binary observables. We show that $\log(d)$ bits of classical communication is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Julien Degorre , Sophie Laplante , Jérémie Roland

This note shows how quantum entanglement may be simulated in classical computing. The simulated entanglement protocol is implemented using oblivious transfer in the simplest case and other many-to-one mappings in more general cases. For the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-11 Subhash Kak

We present and experimentally demonstrate a communication protocol that employs shared entanglement to reduce errors when sending a bit over a particular noisy classical channel. Specifically, it is shown that, given a single use of this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-04-01 R. Prevedel , Y. Lu , W. Matthews , R. Kaltenbaek , K. J. Resch

It is shown that with the use of entanglement a specific two party communication task can be done with a systematically smaller expected error than any possible classical protocol could do. The example utilises the very tight correlation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Lucien Hardy , Wim van Dam

Suppose Alice and Bob share a maximally entangled state of any finite dimension and each perform two-outcome measurements on the respective part of the state. It is known, due to the recent result of Regev and Toner, that if a classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 T. Vértesi , E. Bene

Recent work has extended Bell's theorem by quantifying the amount of communication required to simulate entangled quantum systems with classical information. The general scenario is that a bipartite measurement is given from a set of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Serge Massar , Dave Bacon , Nicolas Cerf , Richard Cleve

Quantum machine learning is emerging as a promising application of quantum computing due to its distinct way of encoding and processing data. It is believed that large-scale quantum machine learning demonstrates substantial advantages over…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-15 Kiwmann Hwang , Hyang-Tag Lim , Yong-Su Kim , Daniel K. Park , Yosep Kim

Superdense coding proved that entanglement-assisted quantum communications can improve the data transmission rates compared to classical systems. It allows sending 2 classical bits between the parties in exchange of 1 quantum bit and a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-11 Sandor Imre

Classical computation relies heavily on information manipulation. Each component of a hardware needs to communicate with others, and this is done by encoding information into strings of bits and application of logical operations. When…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Eduardo K. Soares

We investigate entanglement distribution in pure-state quantum networks. We consider the case when non-maximally entangled two-qubit pure states are shared by neighboring nodes of the network. For a given pair of nodes, we investigate how…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-19 S. Perseguers , J. Wehr , A. Acin , M. Lewenstein , J. I. Cirac

We study a new type of separation between quantum and classical communication complexity which is obtained using quantum protocols where all parties are efficient, in the sense that they can be implemented by small quantum circuits with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-07 Uma Girish , Ran Raz , Avishay Tal

We study strategies for establishing long-distance entanglement in quantum networks. Specifically, we consider networks consisting of regular lattices of nodes, in which the nearest neighbors share a pure, but non-maximally entangled pair…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 G. John Lapeyre , Jan Wehr , Maciej Lewenstein

Phenomena induced by the existence of entanglement, such as nonlocal correlations, exhibit characteristic properties of quantum mechanics distinguishing from classical theories. When entanglement is accompanied by classical communication,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-03 Seiseki Akibue , Masaki Owari , Go Kato , Mio Murao

We initiate the study of quantifying nonlocalness of a bipartite measurement by the minimum amount of classical communication required to simulate the measurement. We derive general upper bounds, which are expressed in terms of certain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-04 Yaoyun Shi , Yufan Zhu

We propose a probabilistic two-party communication complexity scenario with a prior nonmaximally entangled state, which results in less communication than that is required with only classical random correlations. A simple all-optical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-17 Peng Xue , Yun-Feng Huang , Yong-Sheng Zhang , Chuan-Feng Li , Guang-Can Guo

We study the advantages of quantum communication models over classical communication models that are equipped with a limited number of qubits of entanglement. In this direction, we give explicit partial functions on $n$ bits for which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Srinivasan Arunachalam , Uma Girish

Entanglement is known to boost the efficiency of classical communication. In distributed computation, for instance, exploiting entanglement can reduce the number of communicated bits or increase the probability to obtain a correct answer.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-15 Jef Pauwels , Stefano Pironio , Emmanuel Zambrini Cruzeiro , Armin Tavakoli

Quantum resources can improve communication complexity problems (CCPs) beyond their classical constraints. One quantum approach is to share entanglement and create correlations violating a Bell inequality, which can then assist classical…

We show that any classical two-way communication protocol with shared randomness that can approximately simulate the result of applying an arbitrary measurement (held by one party) to a quantum state of $n$ qubits (held by another), up to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-03 Ashley Montanaro

In this paper we consider the following question: how many bits of classical communication and shared random bits are necessary to simulate a quantum protocol involving Alice and Bob where they share k entangled quantum bits and do not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Allison Coates