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We investigate whether photon ring observations in black hole imaging are able to distinguish between the Kerr black hole in general relativity and alternative black holes that deviate from Kerr. Certain aspects of photon rings have been…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-28 Seppe Staelens , Daniel R. Mayerson , Fabio Bacchini , Bart Ripperda , Lorenzo Küchler

In this paper, we investigate the topological photon sphere from two distinct perspectives. In the first view, we examine the existence and characteristics of topological photon(anti-photon)spheres for black holes with different structures,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-08-15 Jafar Sadeghi , Mohammad Ali S. Afshar

General relativity predicts that black hole images ought to display a bright, thin (and as-of-yet-unresolved) ring. This "photon ring" is produced by photons that explore the strong gravity of the black hole, flowing along trajectories that…

This paper investigates the observational signatures of hot spots orbiting scalarized Reissner-Nordstr\"om black holes, which have been reported to possess multiple photon spheres. In contrast to the single-photon sphere case, hot spots…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-23 Yiqian Chen , Peng Wang , Haitang Yang

General relativity predicts that images of optically thin accretion flows around black holes should generically have a ``photon ring,'' composed of a series of increasingly sharp subrings that correspond to increasingly strongly lensed…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-10-26 Paul Tiede , Michael D. Johnson , Dominic W. Pesce , Daniel C. M. Palumbo , Dominic O. Chang , Peter Galison

We analyze the light rays around a static hairy black hole in Horndeski gravity with the use of ray-tracing procedure. We find that a stronger Horndeski hairy parameter corresponds to larger photon sphere as well as critical impact…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-30 Xi-Jing Wang , Xiao-Mei Kuang , Yuan Meng , Bin Wang , Jian-Pin Wu

We present estimates for the number of shadow-resolved supermassive black hole (SMBH) systems that can be detected using radio interferometers, as a function of angular resolution, flux density sensitivity, and observing frequency.…

A distinct visual signature occurs in black holes that are surrounded by optically thin and geometrically thick emission regions. This signature is a sharp-edged dip in brightness that is coincident with the black-hole shadow, which is the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-11-03 Thomas Bronzwaer , Heino Falcke

In this paper, we explore the strong gravitational lensing properties of black holes embedded in self-interacting scalar field dark matter halos, together with NFW-type configurations for comparison. The corresponding spacetime geometry is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-27 Mohsen Fathi , Gabriel Gómez

Imaging the immediate vicinity of supermassive black holes (SMBH) and extracting a BH-spin signature is one of the grand challenges in astrophysics. M87 is known as one of the best targets for imaging the BH shadow and it can be partially…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-06-19 Tomohisa Kawashima , Motoki Kino , Kazunori Akiyama

A black hole image contains a bright ring of photons that have closely circled the black hole on their way from the source to the detector. Here, we study the photon ring of a rotating black hole which is pierced by a global hyper-light…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-09-01 Alexander Gußmann

In this paper we present the images of binary black holes using the Majumdar-Papapetrou multiblack hole solution, depending on the parameters of the problem: the mass of black holes, the distance between them, and the inclination of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-22 S. V. Chernov

Black holes in General Relativity are described by space-time metrics that are simpler in comparison to non-vacuum compact objects. However, given the universality of the gravitational pull, it is expected that dark matter accumulates…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-23 Caio F. B. Macedo , João Luís Rosa , Diego Rubiera-Garcia

The silhouette of a black hole having a critical curve (an unstable bound photon orbit) when illuminated by an optically thin accretion disk whose emission is confined to the equatorial plane shows a distinctive central brightness…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-05-11 Merce Guerrero , Gonzalo J. Olmo , Diego Rubiera-Garcia , Diego Sáez-Chillón Gómez

There is an exciting prospect of obtaining the shadow of astrophysical black holes (BHs) in the near future with the Event Horizon Telescope. As a matter of principle, this justifies asking how much one can learn about the BH horizon itself…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-04-25 Pedro V. P. Cunha , Carlos A. R. Herdeiro , Maria J. Rodriguez

The observational appearance of a black hole is critically dependent on the surrounding accreting matter, in particular on the central brightness depression and photon ring structure. We perform a systematic comparative analysis of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-21 Yuxuan Shi , Hongbo Cheng

Black hole accretion disks are a fascinating topic in astrophysics, as they play a crucial role in several high-energy situations. This paper investigates the optical appearance of scalar hairy black holes (SHBHs) with asymmetric potential,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-21 Carlos A. Benavides-Gallego , Eduard Larrañaga

In the static and infalling spherical-shell models of optically thin accretion on Schwarzschild black hole, the formulas for the integrated intensities observed by a distant observer are derived, and by taking the monochromatic emission…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-19 Bofeng Wu , En-Wei Liang , Xiao Zhang

We study the imaging of a hairy black hole (HBH) in the Einstein-Klein-Gordon theory, where Einstein gravity is minimally coupled to a scalar potential $V(\phi)=-\Lambda \phi^4 + \mu \phi^2$ with $\Lambda$ and $\mu$ are constants. As a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-30 Kok-Geng Lim , Xiao Yan Chew

Double-peaked H$\alpha$ emission profiles can serve as potential signatures of accreting intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs), particularly those residing outside galactic nuclei. Such features are expected to arise from rotating disk-like…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-04 Jyoti Yadav , Jorge Sánchez Almeida , Casiana Muñoz Tuñón , João Calhau