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This paper revisits the topic of rotation estimation through the lens of special unitary matrices. We begin by reformulating Wahba's problem using $SU(2)$ to derive multiple solutions that yield linear constraints on corresponding…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Akshay Chandrasekhar

Rigid Point Cloud Registration (PCR) algorithms aim to estimate the 6-DOF relative motion between two point clouds, which is important in various fields, including autonomous driving. Recent years have seen a significant improvement in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Amnon Drory , Shai Avidan , Raja Giryes

A parametric cluster model is a statistical model providing geometric insights onto the points defining a cluster. The {\em spherical cluster model} (SC) approximates a finite point set $P\subset \mathbb{R}^d$ by a sphere $S(c,r)$ as…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-29 Frédéric Cazals , Antoine Commaret , Louis Goldenberg

Rotation estimation plays a fundamental role in computer vision and robot tasks, and extremely robust rotation estimation is significantly useful for safety-critical applications. Typically, estimating a rotation is considered a non-linear…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Yinlong Liu , Tianyu Huang , Zhi-Xin Yang

Registration is a fundamental but critical task in point cloud processing, which usually depends on finding element correspondence from two point clouds. However, the finding of reliable correspondence relies on establishing a robust and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Rong Huang , Wei Yao , Yusheng Xu , Zhen Ye , Uwe Stilla

Point cloud registration is challenging in the presence of heavy outlier correspondences. This paper focuses on addressing the robust correspondence-based registration problem with gravity prior that often arises in practice. The gravity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Xinyi Li , Zijian Ma , Yinlong Liu , Walter Zimmer , Hu Cao , Feihu Zhang , Alois Knoll

Robust estimation is essential in computer vision, robotics, and navigation, aiming to minimize the impact of outlier measurements for improved accuracy. We present a fast algorithm for Geman-McClure robust estimation, FracGM, leveraging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Bang-Shien Chen , Yu-Kai Lin , Jian-Yu Chen , Chih-Wei Huang , Jann-Long Chern , Ching-Cherng Sun

We present a fast feature-metric point cloud registration framework, which enforces the optimisation of registration by minimising a feature-metric projection error without correspondences. The advantage of the feature-metric projection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Xiaoshui Huang , Guofeng Mei , Jian Zhang

Point cloud registration based on correspondences computes the rigid transformation that maximizes the number of inliers constrained within the noise threshold. Current state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods employing spatial compatibility graphs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Zhao Zheng , Jingfan Fan , Long Shao , Hong Song , Danni Ai , Tianyu Fu , Deqiang Xiao , Yongtian Wang , Jian Yang

Removing outlier correspondences is one of the critical steps for successful feature-based point cloud registration. Despite the increasing popularity of introducing deep learning methods in this field, spatial consistency, which is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-10 Xuyang Bai , Zixin Luo , Lei Zhou , Hongkai Chen , Lei Li , Zeyu Hu , Hongbo Fu , Chiew-Lan Tai

This paper presents a robust probabilistic point registration method for estimating the rigid transformation (i.e. rotation matrix and translation vector) between two pointcloud dataset. The method improves the robustness of point…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-12 Saman Fahandezh-Saadi , Di Wang , Masayoshi Tomizuka

In robotic inspection, joint registration of multiple point clouds is an essential technique for estimating the transformation relationships between measured parts, such as multiple blades in a propeller. However, the presence of noise and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Lingjie Su , Wei Xu , Shuyang Zhao , Yuqi Cheng , Wenlong Li

Rotation estimation plays a fundamental role in many computer vision and robot tasks. However, efficiently estimating rotation in large inputs containing numerous outliers (i.e., mismatches) and noise is a recognized challenge. Many robust…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Taosi Xu , Yinlong Liu , Xianbo Wang , Zhi-Xin Yang

A fast algorithm is developed for the directional correlation of scalar band-limited signals and band-limited steerable filters on the sphere. The asymptotic complexity associated to it through simple quadrature is of order O(L^5), where 2L…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Y. Wiaux , L. Jacques , P. Vielva , P. Vandergheynst

We introduce a fast, high-precision algorithm for calculating intersections between great circle arcs and lines of constant latitude on the unit sphere. We first propose a simplified intersection point formula with improved speed and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-14 Hongyu Chen , Paul A. Ullrich , Julian Panetta

Given a set of astrometric observations of the same object, the problem of orbit determination is to compute the orbit and to assess its uncertainty and reliability. For the next generation surveys, with much larger number density of…

3D point cloud registration in remote sensing field has been greatly advanced by deep learning based methods, where the rigid transformation is either directly regressed from the two point clouds (correspondences-free approaches) or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Zhiyuan Zhang , Jiadai Sun , Yuchao Dai , Dingfu Zhou , Xibin Song , Mingyi He

Reliable image correspondences form the foundation of vision-based spatial perception, enabling recovery of 3D structure and camera poses. However, unconstrained feature matching across domains such as aerial, indoor, and outdoor scenes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Zhimin Shao , Abhay Yadav , Rama Chellappa , Cheng Peng

Correspondence-based point cloud registration (PCR) plays a key role in robotics and computer vision. However, challenges like sensor noises, object occlusions, and descriptor limitations inevitably result in numerous outliers. RANSAC…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Pengcheng Shi , Shaocheng Yan , Yilin Xiao , Xinyi Liu , Yongjun Zhang , Jiayuan Li

Functional registration algorithms represent point clouds as functions (e.g. spacial occupancy field) avoiding unreliable correspondence estimation in conventional least-squares registration algorithms. However, existing functional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Muchen Sun , Allison Pinosky , Ian Abraham , Todd Murphey