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Inference from large autoregressive models like Transformers is slow - decoding K tokens takes K serial runs of the model. In this work we introduce speculative decoding - an algorithm to sample from autoregressive models faster without any…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Yaniv Leviathan , Matan Kalman , Yossi Matias

High load latency that results from deep cache hierarchies and relatively slow main memory is an important limiter of single-thread performance. Data prefetch helps reduce this latency by fetching data up the hierarchy before it is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Majid Jalili , Mattan Erez

Recent advances in recommendation scaling laws have led to foundation models of unprecedented complexity. While these models offer superior performance, their computational demands make real-time serving impractical, often forcing…

Speculative decoding accelerates LLM inference by utilizing otherwise idle computational resources during memory-to-chip data transfer. Current speculative decoding methods typically assume a considerable amount of available computing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Luohe Shi , Zuchao Li , Lefei Zhang , Baoyuan Qi , Guoming Liu , Hai Zhao

Recent advances with large language models (LLM) illustrate their diverse capabilities. We propose a novel algorithm, staged speculative decoding, to accelerate LLM inference in small-batch, on-device scenarios. We address the low…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Benjamin Spector , Chris Re

Interpreters have a bad reputation for having lower performance than just-in-time compilers. We present a new way of building high performance interpreters that is particularly effective for executing dynamically typed programming…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2013-10-10 Stefan Brunthaler

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated remarkable generalization capabilities in robotic manipulation tasks, yet their substantial computational overhead remains a critical obstacle to real-world deployment. Improving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yujie Wei , Jiahan Fan , Jiyu Guo , Ruichen Zhen , Rui Shao , Xiu Su , Zeke Xie , Shuo Yang

VAEs, or variational autoencoders, are autoencoders that explicitly learn the distribution of the input image space rather than assuming no prior information about the distribution. This allows it to classify similar samples close to each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Fareed Sheriff , Sameer Pai

Embedding-based dense retrieval has become the cornerstone of many critical applications, where approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) queries are often combined with filters on labels such as dates and price ranges. Graph-based indexes…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yicheng Jin , Yongji Wu , Wenjun Hu , Bruce M. Maggs , Jun Yang , Xiao Zhang , Danyang Zhuo

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) extends large language models (LLMs) with external data sources to enhance factual correctness and domain coverage. Modern RAG pipelines rely on large datastores, creating a significant system challenge:…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Chien-Yu Lin , Keisuke Kamahori , Yiyu Liu , Xiaoxiang Shi , Madhav Kashyap , Yile Gu , Rulin Shao , Zihao Ye , Kan Zhu , Rohan Kadekodi , Stephanie Wang , Arvind Krishnamurthy , Luis Ceze , Baris Kasikci

Diffusion models have revolutionized high-fidelity image and video synthesis, yet their computational demands remain prohibitive for real-time applications. These models face two fundamental challenges: strict temporal dependencies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Jiacheng Liu , Chang Zou , Yuanhuiyi Lyu , Fei Ren , Shaobo Wang , Kaixin Li , Linfeng Zhang

We present SPECULATOR - a fast, accurate, and flexible framework for emulating stellar population synthesis (SPS) models for predicting galaxy spectra and photometry. For emulating spectra, we use principal component analysis to construct a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-08 Justin Alsing , Hiranya Peiris , Joel Leja , ChangHoon Hahn , Rita Tojeiro , Daniel Mortlock , Boris Leistedt , Benjamin D. Johnson , Charlie Conroy

Transformers have been the dominant architecture for Speech Translation in recent years, achieving significant improvements in translation quality. Since speech signals are longer than their textual counterparts, and due to the quadratic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Ioannis Tsiamas , Gerard I. Gállego , José A. R. Fonollosa , Marta R. Costa-jussà

This paper proposes a high-performance and energy-efficient optical near-sensor accelerator for vision applications, called Lightator. Harnessing the promising efficiency offered by photonic devices, Lightator features innovative…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Mehrdad Morsali , Brendan Reidy , Deniz Najafi , Sepehr Tabrizchi , Mohsen Imani , Mahdi Nikdast , Arman Roohi , Ramtin Zand , Shaahin Angizi

Spectre attacks exploit speculative execution to leak sensitive information. In the last few years, a number of static side-channel detectors have been proposed to detect cache leakage in the presence of speculative execution. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Ali Sahraee

Serverless computing has grown rapidly for serving Large Language Model (LLM) inference due to its pay-as-you-go pricing, fine-grained GPU usage, and rapid scaling. However, our analysis reveals that current serverless can effectively serve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Yifan Sui , Hao Wang , Hanfei Yu , Yitao Hu , Jianxun Li , Hao Wang

Designing better machine translation systems by considering auxiliary inputs such as images has attracted much attention in recent years. While existing methods show promising performance over the conventional text-only translation systems,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Yi Li , Rameswar Panda , Yoon Kim , Chun-Fu Chen , Rogerio Feris , David Cox , Nuno Vasconcelos

Multi-accelerator servers are increasingly being deployed in shared multi-tenant environments (such as in cloud data centers) in order to meet the demands of large-scale compute-intensive workloads. In addition, these accelerators are…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Kiran Ranganath , Joshua D. Suetterlein , Joseph B. Manzano , Shuaiwen Leon Song , Daniel Wong

Unlike traditional fact-based retrieval, rationale-based retrieval typically necessitates cross-encoding of query-document pairs using large language models, incurring substantial computational costs. To address this limitation, we propose…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Teng Chen , Sheng Xu , Feixiang Guo , Xiaoyu Wang , Qingqing Gu , Hongyan Li , Luo Ji

We propose an unsupervised object matching method for relational data, which finds matchings between objects in different relational datasets without correspondence information. For example, the proposed method matches documents in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-31 Tomoharu Iwata , Naonori Ueda