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Related papers: Reasoning Systems as Structured Processes: Foundat…

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In many expert and everyday reasoning contexts it is very useful to reason on the basis of defeasible assumptions. For instance, if the information at hand is incomplete we often use plausible assumptions, or if the information is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-04-25 AnneMarie Borg

We propose a large language model explainability technique for obtaining faithful natural language explanations by grounding the explanations in a reasoning process. When converted to a sequence of tokens, the outputs of the reasoning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Vojtech Cahlik , Rodrigo Alves , Pavel Kordik

Conceptual reasoning, the ability to reason in abstract and high-level perspectives, is key to generalization in human cognition. However, limited study has been done on large language models' capability to perform conceptual reasoning. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Ben Zhou , Hongming Zhang , Sihao Chen , Dian Yu , Hongwei Wang , Baolin Peng , Dan Roth , Dong Yu

Large language models (LLMs) are deployed on increasingly complex tasks that require multi-step decision-making. Understanding their algorithmic reasoning abilities is therefore crucial. However, we lack a diagnostic benchmark for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Yu He , Yingxi Li , Colin White , Ellen Vitercik

Intelligence-biological, artificial, or collective-requires structural coherence across recursive reasoning processes to scale effectively. As complex systems grow, coherence becomes fragile unless a higher-order structure ensures semantic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Andy E. Williams

Due to their inherent complexity, reasoning tasks have long been regarded as rigorous benchmarks for assessing the capabilities of machine learning models, especially large language models (LLMs). Although humans can solve these tasks with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Yunlong Deng , Boyang Sun , Yan Li , Lingjing Kong , Zeyu Tang , Kun Zhang , Guangyi Chen

Complex robot behaviour typically requires the integration of multiple robotic and Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques and components. Integrating such disparate components into a coherent system, while also ensuring global properties…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Bernhard Hengst , Maurice Pagnucco , David Rajaratnam , Claude Sammut , Michael Thielscher

In this paper, we offer a guide for researchers on evaluating reasoning in language models, building the case that reasoning should be assessed through evidence of adaptive, multi-step search rather than final-answer accuracy alone. Under…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Munachiso Samuel Nwadike , Zangir Iklassov , Kareem Ali , Rifo Genadi , Kentaro Inui

Learning and reasoning are both aspects of what is considered to be intelligence. Their studies within AI have been separated historically, learning being the topic of machine learning and neural networks, and reasoning falling under…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-09-25 C. G. Giraud-Carrier , T. R. Martinez

Cognition is a core part of and a common topic among philosophy of mind, psychology, neuroscience, AI, and cognitive science. Through a mechanistic lens, I propose a framework of defining, modeling, and analyzing cognition mechanisms.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Amir Fayezioghani

We explore the rational, formal and non-formal criteria of consistency, non-triviality and redundancy in the mathematical research now a days. We develop a paradigmatic discussion by analysing the different conceptions of those criteria,…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2018-03-01 Eleonora Catsigeras

Complex reasoning over text requires understanding and chaining together free-form predicates and logical connectives. Prior work has largely tried to do this either symbolically or with black-box transformers. We present a middle ground…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Jiangming Liu , Matt Gardner , Shay B. Cohen , Mirella Lapata

The recent advancements in Deep Learning models and techniques have led to significant strides in performance across diverse tasks and modalities. However, while the overall capabilities of models show promising growth, our understanding of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Erik Arakelyan

The notion of argumentation and the one of belief stand in a problematic relation to one another. On the one hand, argumentation is crucial for belief formation: as the outcome of a process of arguing, an agent might come to (justifiably)…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Alfredo Burrieza , Antonio Yuste-Ginel

Despite the success of neural models in solving reasoning tasks, their compositional generalization capabilities remain unclear. In this work, we propose a new setting of the structured explanation generation task to facilitate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Xiyan Fu , Anette Frank

We present a unifying framework for type systems for process calculi. The core of the system provides an accurate correspondence between essentially functional processes and linear logic proofs; fragments of this system correspond to…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-05-29 Emmanuel Beffara

Process science is a highly interdisciplinary field of research. Despite numerous proposals, process science lacks an adequate understanding of the core concepts of the field, including notions such as process, event, and system. A more…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Peter Fettke , Wolfgang Reisig

This paper develops an algorithmic-based approach for proving inductive properties of propositional sequent systems such as admissibility, invertibility, cut-elimination, and identity expansion. Although undecidable in general, these…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Carlos Olarte , Elaine Pimentel , Camilo Rocha

Reasoning, a crucial ability for complex problem-solving, plays a pivotal role in various real-world settings such as negotiation, medical diagnosis, and criminal investigation. It serves as a fundamental methodology in the field of…

Explanations in Machine Learning come in many forms, but a consensus regarding their desired properties is yet to emerge. In this paper we introduce a taxonomy and a set of descriptors that can be used to characterise and systematically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-12 Kacper Sokol , Peter Flach