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In order to study online hate speech, the availability of datasets containing the linguistic phenomena of interest are of crucial importance. However, when it comes to specific target groups, for example teenagers, collecting such data may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Alessio Palmero Aprosio , Stefano Menini , Sara Tonelli

As open-ended human-chatbot interaction becomes commonplace, sensitive content detection gains importance. In this work, we propose a two stage semi-supervised approach to bootstrap large-scale data for automatic sensitive language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-03 Chandra Khatri , Behnam Hedayatnia , Rahul Goel , Anushree Venkatesh , Raefer Gabriel , Arindam Mandal

Automatic detection of online hate speech serves as a crucial step in the detoxification of the online discourse. Moreover, accurate classification can promote a better understanding of the proliferation of hate as a social phenomenon.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Tom Marzea , Abraham Israeli , Oren Tsur

We suggest a multilabel Korean online hate speech dataset that covers seven categories of hate speech: (1) Race and Nationality, (2) Religion, (3) Regionalism, (4) Ageism, (5) Misogyny, (6) Sexual Minorities, and (7) Male. Our 35K dataset…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-11 TaeYoung Kang , Eunrang Kwon , Junbum Lee , Youngeun Nam , Junmo Song , JeongKyu Suh

While significant progress has been made using machine learning algorithms to detect hate speech, important technical challenges still remain to be solved in order to bring their performance closer to human accuracy. We investigate several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-25 Vlad Sandulescu

Multimodal hateful content detection is a challenging task that requires complex reasoning across visual and textual modalities. Therefore, creating a meaningful multimodal representation that effectively captures the interplay between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Eftekhar Hossain , Omar Sharif , Mohammed Moshiul Hoque , Sarah M. Preum

This work addresses the challenge of hate speech detection in Internet memes, and attempts using visual information to automatically detect hate speech, unlike any previous work of our knowledge. Memes are pixel-based multimedia documents…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Benet Oriol Sabat , Cristian Canton Ferrer , Xavier Giro-i-Nieto

Multimodal image-text memes are prevalent on the internet, serving as a unique form of communication that combines visual and textual elements to convey humor, ideas, or emotions. However, some memes take a malicious turn, promoting hateful…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Giovanni Burbi , Alberto Baldrati , Lorenzo Agnolucci , Marco Bertini , Alberto Del Bimbo

To address the risks of encountering inappropriate or harmful content, researchers managed to incorporate several harmful contents datasets with machine learning methods to detect harmful concepts. However, existing harmful datasets are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Chen Yeh , You-Ming Chang , Wei-Chen Chiu , Ning Yu

Online hate speech is a recent problem in our society that is rising at a steady pace by leveraging the vulnerabilities of the corresponding regimes that characterise most social media platforms. This phenomenon is primarily fostered by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Ioannis Mollas , Zoe Chrysopoulou , Stamatis Karlos , Grigorios Tsoumakas

Hate speech detection is key to online content moderation, but current models struggle to generalise beyond their training data. This has been linked to dataset biases and the use of sentence-level labels, which fail to teach models the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Agostina Calabrese , Tom Sherborne , Björn Ross , Mirella Lapata

Detecting problematic content, such as hate speech, is a multifaceted and ever-changing task, influenced by social dynamics, user populations, diversity of sources, and evolving language. There has been significant efforts, both in academia…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Ali Omrani , Alireza S. Ziabari , Preni Golazizian , Jeffrey Sorensen , Morteza Dehghani

A significant challenge in automating hate speech detection on social media is distinguishing hate speech from regular and offensive language. These identify an essential category of content that web filters seek to remove. Only automated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Faria Naznin , Md Touhidur Rahman , Shahran Rahman Alve

Understanding movies and their structural patterns is a crucial task in decoding the craft of video editing. While previous works have developed tools for general analysis, such as detecting characters or recognizing cinematography…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Alejandro Pardo , Fabian Caba Heilbron , Juan León Alcázar , Ali Thabet , Bernard Ghanem

Abusive language is a massive problem in online social platforms. Existing abusive language detection techniques are particularly ill-suited to comments containing heterogeneous abusive language patterns, i.e., both abusive and non-abusive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Hongyu Gong , Alberto Valido , Katherine M. Ingram , Giulia Fanti , Suma Bhat , Dorothy L. Espelage

Recent studies have proposed models that yielded promising performance for the hateful meme classification task. Nevertheless, these proposed models do not generate interpretable explanations that uncover the underlying meaning and support…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Ming Shan Hee , Wen-Haw Chong , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

Social media platforms enable the propagation of hateful content across different modalities such as textual, auditory, and visual, necessitating effective detection methods. While recent approaches have shown promise in handling individual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Girish A. Koushik , Diptesh Kanojia , Helen Treharne

Hate speech detection has become an important research topic within the past decade. More private corporations are needing to regulate user generated content on different platforms across the globe. In this paper, we introduce a study of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Neha Deshpande , Nicholas Farris , Vidhur Kumar

This paper introduces a method for detecting inappropriately targeting language in online conversations by integrating crowd and expert annotations with ChatGPT. We focus on English conversation threads from Reddit, examining comments that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Baran Barbarestani , Isa Maks , Piek Vossen

Hateful memes have emerged as a significant concern on the Internet. Detecting hateful memes requires the system to jointly understand the visual and textual modalities. Our investigation reveals that the embedding space of existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Jingbiao Mei , Jinghong Chen , Weizhe Lin , Bill Byrne , Marcus Tomalin