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As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used across various applications, there is a growing need to control text generation to satisfy specific constraints or requirements. This raises a crucial question: Is it possible to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Minbeom Kim , Thibaut Thonet , Jos Rozen , Hwaran Lee , Kyomin Jung , Marc Dymetman

We consider the task of generating functionally correct code using large language models (LLMs). The correctness of generated code is influenced by the prompt used to query the given base LLM. We formulate the problem of finding the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Shlok Tomar , Aryan Deshwal , Ethan Villalovoz , Mattia Fazzini , Haipeng Cai , Janardhan Rao Doppa

Having engaging and informative conversations with users is the utmost goal for open-domain conversational systems. Recent advances in transformer-based language models and their applications to dialogue systems have succeeded to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Sarik Ghazarian , Zixi Liu , Tuhin Chakrabarty , Xuezhe Ma , Aram Galstyan , Nanyun Peng

Program synthesis has been long studied with recent approaches focused on directly using the power of Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate code. Programming benchmarks, with curated synthesis problems and test-cases, are used to measure…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Jiawei Liu , Chunqiu Steven Xia , Yuyao Wang , Lingming Zhang

Modern software often accepts inputs with highly complex grammars. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shown that they can be used to synthesize high-quality natural language text and code that conforms to the grammar of a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Kunpeng Zhang , Zongjie Li , Daoyuan Wu , Shuai Wang , Xin Xia

Deep learning compilers help address the difficulties of deploying deep learning models on diverse types of hardware. Testing deep learning compilers is highly crucial, because they are impacting countless AI applications that use them for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Luyao Ren , ZiHeng Wang , Yingfei Xiong , Li Zhang , Guoyue Jiang , Tao Xie

SystemVerilog Assertions (SVA) are essential for formal verification of digital hardware, yet their manual creation demands significant expertise in both the design under verification and temporal logic. Recent studies have explored using…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Nowfel Mashnoor , Hadi Kamali , Kimia Azar

Automatically evaluating the quality of language generation is critical. Although recent learned metrics show high correlation with human judgement, these metrics can not explain their verdict or associate the scores with defects in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Wenda Xu , Danqing Wang , Liangming Pan , Zhenqiao Song , Markus Freitag , William Yang Wang , Lei Li

Logging is indispensable for maintaining the reliability and diagnosability of modern software, yet developers still struggle to decide where and how to log effectively. Existing automated logging techniques focus on isolated sub-tasks -…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Shengcheng Duan , Yihua Xu , Sheng Zhang , Shen Wang , Yue Duan

Data generation and analysis is a fundamental aspect of many industries and disciplines, from strategic decision making in business to research in the physical and social sciences. However, data generated using software and algorithms can…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Ernesto Giralt Hernández

Safety- and security-critical systems have to be thoroughly tested against their specifications. The state of practice is to have _natural language_ specifications, from which test cases are derived manually - a process that is slow,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Kuangxiangzi Liu , Dhiman Chakraborty , Alexander Liggesmeyer , Andreas Zeller

Virtual Labs offer valuable opportunities for hands-on, inquiry-based science learning, yet teachers often struggle to adapt them to fit their instructional goals. Third-party materials may not align with classroom needs, and developing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 R. Alexander Knipper , Indrani Dey , Souvika Sarkar , Hari Narayanan , Sadhana Puntambekar , Santu Karmaker

Property-based testing validates software against an executable specification by evaluating it on randomly generated inputs. The standard way that PBT users generate test inputs is via generators that describe how to sample test inputs…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Ryan Tjoa , Poorva Garg , Harrison Goldstein , Todd Millstein , Benjamin Pierce , Guy Van den Broeck

Hardware Fuzzing emerged as one of the crucial techniques for finding security flaws in modern hardware designs by testing a wide range of input scenarios. One of the main challenges is creating high-quality input seeds that maximize…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Raghul Saravanan , Sudipta Paria , Aritra Dasgupta , Swarup Bhunia , Sai Manoj P D

Prevalent Fault Localization (FL) techniques rely on tests to localize buggy program elements. Tests could be treated as fuel to further boost FL by providing more debugging information. Therefore, it is highly valuable to measure the Fault…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Yifan Zhao , Zeyu Sun , Guoqing Wang , Qingyuan Liang , Yakun Zhang , Yiling Lou , Dan Hao , Lu Zhang

Few-shot learning with large-scale, pre-trained language models is a powerful way to answer questions about code, e.g., how to complete a given code example, or even generate code snippets from scratch. The success of these models raises…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Patrick Bareiß , Beatriz Souza , Marcelo d'Amorim , Michael Pradel

Verifiers or reward models are often used to enhance the reasoning performance of large language models (LLMs). A common approach is the Best-of-N method, where N candidate solutions generated by the LLM are ranked by a verifier, and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Lunjun Zhang , Arian Hosseini , Hritik Bansal , Mehran Kazemi , Aviral Kumar , Rishabh Agarwal

Adapting large language models (LLMs) to a targeted task efficiently and effectively remains a fundamental challenge. Such adaptation often requires iteratively improving the model toward a targeted task, yet collecting high-quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Ting-Wei Li , Sirui Chen , Jiaru Zou , Yingbing Huang , Tianxin Wei , Jingrui He , Hanghang Tong

Automated unit test generation is critical for software quality but traditional structure-driven methods often lack the semantic understanding required to produce realistic inputs and oracles. Large language models (LLMs) address this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Bei Chu , Yang Feng , Kui Liu , Zhaoqiang Guo , Yichi Zhang , Hange Shi , Zifan Nan , Baowen Xu

Functional simulation is an essential step in digital hardware design. Recently, there has been a growing interest in leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for hardware testbench generation tasks. However, the inherent instability…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Ruidi Qiu , Grace Li Zhang , Rolf Drechsler , Ulf Schlichtmann , Bing Li