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The rise of large language models (LLMs) has made natural language-driven route planning an emerging research area that encompasses rich user objectives. Current research exhibits two distinct approaches: direct route planning using…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Liangqi Yuan , Dong-Jun Han , Christopher G. Brinton , Sabine Brunswicker

Tourism Recommender Systems (TRS) are crucial in personalizing travel experiences by tailoring recommendations to users' preferences, constraints, and contextual factors. However, publicly available travel datasets often lack sufficient…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Ashmi Banerjee , Adithi Satish , Fitri Nur Aisyah , Wolfgang Wörndl , Yashar Deldjoo

Travel planning stands out among real-world applications of \emph{Language Agents} because it couples significant practical demand with a rigorous constraint-satisfaction challenge. However, existing benchmarks primarily operate on a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Jie-Jing Shao , Bo-Wen Zhang , Xiao-Wen Yang , Baizhi Chen , Si-Yu Han , Jinghao Pang , Wen-Da Wei , Guohao Cai , Zhenhua Dong , Lan-Zhe Guo , Yu-Feng Li

While agent evaluation has shifted toward long-horizon tasks, most benchmarks still emphasize local, step-level reasoning rather than the global constrained optimization (e.g., time and financial budgets) that demands genuine planning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yinger Zhang , Shutong Jiang , Renhao Li , Jianhong Tu , Yang Su , Lianghao Deng , Xudong Guo , Chenxu Lv , Junyang Lin

Planning is central to agents and agentic AI. The ability to plan, e.g., creating travel itineraries within a budget, holds immense potential in both scientific and commercial contexts. Moreover, optimal plans tend to require fewer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Haoming Li , Zhaoliang Chen , Jonathan Zhang , Fei Liu

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly integral to the hospitality and tourism industry, concerns about their fairness in serving diverse identity groups persist. Grounded in social identity theory and sociotechnical systems…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Ruiping Ren , Yingwei , Xu , Xing Yao , Shu Cole , Haining Wang

LLMs have immense potential for generating plans, transforming an initial world state into a desired goal state. A large body of research has explored the use of LLMs for various planning tasks, from web navigation to travel planning and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Hui Wei , Zihao Zhang , Shenghua He , Tian Xia , Shijia Pan , Fei Liu

Travel planning serves as a critical task for long-horizon reasoning, exposing significant deficits in LLMs. However, existing benchmarks and evaluations primarily assess final plans in an end-to-end manner, which lacks interpretability and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Bo-Wen Zhang , Jin Ye , Peng-Yu Hua , Jia-Wei Cao , Jie-Jing Shao , Yu-Feng Li , Lan-Zhe Guo

The growing number of Large Language Models (LLMs) with diverse capabilities and response styles provides users with a wider range of choices, which presents challenges in selecting appropriate LLMs, as user preferences vary in terms of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Zhongjie Dai , Tao Feng , Jiaxuan You

In the rapidly evolving landscape of Natural Language Processing (NLP), Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for many tasks, such as extracting valuable insights from vast amounts of textual data. In this study, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Simone Barandoni , Filippo Chiarello , Lorenzo Cascone , Emiliano Marrale , Salvatore Puccio

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has enabled them to generate complex, multi-step plans and itineraries. However, these generated plans often lack temporal and spatial consistency, particularly in scenarios involving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Shravan Gadbail , Masumi Desai , Kamalakar Karlapalem

This study introduces a Large Language Model (LLM) scheme for generating individual travel diaries in agent-based transportation models. While traditional approaches rely on large quantities of proprietary household travel surveys, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Sepehr Golrokh Amin , Devin Rhoads , Fatemeh Fakhrmoosavi , Nicholas E. Lownes , John N. Ivan

Recent studies have highlighted their proficiency in some simple tasks like writing and coding through various reasoning strategies. However, LLM agents still struggle with tasks that require comprehensive planning, a process that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Chengxing Xie , Difan Zou

While integrating external tools into large language models (LLMs) enhances their ability to access real-time information and domain-specific services, existing approaches focus narrowly on functional tool selection following user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Zihao Cheng , Hongru Wang , Zeming Liu , Yuhang Guo , Yuanfang Guo , Yunhong Wang , Haifeng Wang

Comprehensive planning agents have been a long term goal in the field of artificial intelligence. Recent innovations in Natural Language Processing have yielded success through the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs). We seek to improve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Annabelle Miin , Timothy Wei

As the applicability of Large Language Models (LLMs) extends beyond traditional text processing tasks, there is a burgeoning interest in their potential to excel in planning and reasoning assignments, realms traditionally reserved for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Atharva Gundawar , Mudit Verma , Lin Guan , Karthik Valmeekam , Siddhant Bhambri , Subbarao Kambhampati

In this paper, we present Roamify, an Artificial Intelligence powered travel assistant that aims to ease the process of travel planning. We have tested and used multiple Large Language Models like Llama and T5 to generate personalised…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Vikranth Udandarao , Noel Abraham Tiju , Muthuraj Vairamuthu , Harsh Mistry , Dhruv Kumar

Planning a trip into a potentially unsafe area is a difficult task. We conducted a formative study on travelers' information needs, finding that most of them turn to search engines for trip planning. Search engines, however, fail to provide…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Jonas Oppenlaender

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in automating travel planning, yet they often fall short in addressing nuanced spatiotemporal rationality. While existing benchmarks focus on basic plan validity, they neglect critical aspects…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Hang Ni , Fan Liu , Xinyu Ma , Lixin Su , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Hui Xiong , Hao Liu

This work leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to simulate human mobility, addressing challenges like high costs and privacy concerns in traditional models. Our hierarchical framework integrates persona generation, activity selection, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Chenlu Ju , Jiaxin Liu , Shobhit Sinha , Hao Xue , Flora Salim