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In this article, we present a novel approach for block-structured adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) that is suitable for extreme-scale parallelism. All data structures are designed such that the size of the meta data in each distributed…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Florian Schornbaum , Ulrich Rüde

To process data that do not fit in RAM, conventional wisdom would suggest using distributed approaches. However, recent research has demonstrated virtual memory's strong potential in scaling up graph mining algorithms on a single machine.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-04-12 Dezhi Fang , Duen Horng Chau

Differentiable architecture search is prevalent in the field of NAS because of its simplicity and efficiency, where two paradigms, multi-path algorithms and single-path methods, are dominated. Multi-path framework (e.g. DARTS) is intuitive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Haoxian Tan , Sheng Guo , Yujie Zhong , Matthew R. Scott , Weilin Huang

Various Vision Transformer (ViT) models have been widely used for image recognition tasks. However, existing visual explanation methods can not display the attention flow hidden inside the inner structure of ViT models, which explains how…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Yi Liao , Yongsheng Gao , Weichuan Zhang

The advent of Transformers has revolutionized computer vision, offering a powerful alternative to convolutional neural networks (CNNs), especially with the local attention mechanism that excels at capturing local structures within the input…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Mengke Ge , Junpeng Wang , Binhan Chen , Yingjian Zhong , Haitao Du , Song Chen , Yi Kang

While neural architecture search (NAS) has enabled automated machine learning (AutoML) for well-researched areas, its application to tasks beyond computer vision is still under-explored. As less-studied domains are precisely those where we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Junhong Shen , Mikhail Khodak , Ameet Talwalkar

Point cloud segmentation (PCS) aims to separate points into different and meaningful groups. The task plays an important role in robotics because PCS enables robots to understand their physical environments directly. To process sparse and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Bike Chen , Antti Tikanmäki , Juha Röning

The growing scale of deep learning demands distributed training frameworks that jointly reason about parallelism, memory, and network topology. Prior works often rely on heuristic or topology-agnostic search, handling communication and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Irene Wang , Vishnu Varma Venkata , Arvind Krishnamurthy , Divya Mahajan

The rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) is pushing AI accelerators toward increasingly powerful and specialized designs. Instead of further complicating software development with deeply hierarchical scratchpad memories (SPMs) and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Zhongchun Zhou , Chengtao Lai , Yuhang Gu , Wei Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) face computational inefficiencies and redundant processing when handling long context inputs, prompting a focus on compression techniques. While existing semantic vector-based compression methods achieve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Shaoshen Chen , Yangning Li , Zishan Xu , Yinghui Li , Xin Su , Zifei Shan , Hai-tao Zheng

We demonstrate that general-purpose memory allocation involving many threads on many cores can be done with high performance, multicore scalability, and low memory consumption. For this purpose, we have designed and implemented scalloc, a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2015-08-26 Martin Aigner , Christoph M. Kirsch , Michael Lippautz , Ana Sokolova

Attention mechanisms underpin the success of large language models (LLMs), yet their substantial computational and memory overhead poses challenges for optimizing efficiency and performance. A critical bottleneck arises as KV cache and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Luoyang Sun , Cheng Deng , Jiwen Jiang , Xinjian Wu , Haifeng Zhang , Lei Chen , Lionel Ni , Jun Wang

Transformer models based on the Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture have made significant progress in long-sequence modeling, but existing models still have shortcomings in computational efficiency and the ability to capture long-range…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Cheng Li , Jiexiong Liu , Yixuan Chen , Jie ji

Current hierarchical attention methods, such as NSA and InfLLMv2, select the top-k relevant key-value (KV) blocks based on coarse attention scores and subsequently apply fine-grained softmax attention on the selected tokens. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yuxiang Huang , Nuno M. T. Gonçalves , Federico Alvetreti , Lei Li , Xu Han , Edoardo M. Ponti , André F. T. Martins , Marcos V. Treviso

We suggest a technique to reduce the storage size of sparse matrices at no loss of information. We call this technique Diagonally-Adressed (DA) storage. It exploits the typically low matrix bandwidth of matrices arising in applications. For…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-01-24 Jens Saak , Jonas Schulze

Virtual execution environments allow for consolidation of multiple applications onto the same physical server, thereby enabling more efficient use of server resources. However, users often statically configure the resources of virtual…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-12-07 Ignacio Cano , Lequn Chen , Pedro Fonseca , Tianqi Chen , Chern Cheah , Karan Gupta , Ramesh Chandra , Arvind Krishnamurthy

Applications with low data reuse and frequent irregular memory accesses, such as graph or sparse linear algebra workloads, fail to scale well due to memory bottlenecks and poor core utilization. While prior work with prefetching,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Marcelo Orenes-Vera , Esin Tureci , David Wentzlaff , Margaret Martonosi

Large-scale neuromorphic architectures consist of computing tiles that communicate spikes using a shared interconnect. The communication patterns in such systems are inherently sparse, asynchronous, and localized due to the spiking nature…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Phu Khanh Huynh , Francky Catthoor , Anup Das

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly require processing long text sequences, but GPU memory limitations force difficult trade-offs between memory capacity and bandwidth. While HBM-based acceleration offers high bandwidth, its capacity…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Qingyuan Liu , Liyan Chen , Yanning Yang , Haocheng Wang , Dong Du , Zhigang Mao , Naifeng Jing , Yubin Xia , Haibo Chen

Multi-connectivity involves dynamic cluster formation among distributed access points (APs) and coordinated resource allocation from these APs, highlighting the need for efficient mobility management strategies for users with…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Irshad A. Meer , Karl-Ludwig Besser , Mustafa Ozger , Dominic Schupke , H. Vincent Poor , Cicek Cavdar