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Quantum physics can be exploited to generate true random numbers, which play important roles in many applications, especially in cryptography. Genuine randomness from the measurement of a quantum system reveals the inherent nature of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-29 Xiongfeng Ma , Xiao Yuan , Zhu Cao , Bing Qi , Zhen Zhang

Quantum signal processing (QSP) provides a systematic framework for implementing a polynomial transformation of a linear operator, and unifies nearly all known quantum algorithms. In parallel, recent works have developed randomized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-26 John M. Martyn , Patrick Rall

Random numbers are essential for our modern information based society e.g. in cryptography. Unlike frequently used pseudo-random generators, physical random number generators do not depend on complex algorithms but rather on a physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-11 Mario Stipčević , Rupert Ursin

Random numbers are essential for applications ranging from secure communications to numerical simulation and quantitative finance. Algorithms can rapidly produce pseudo-random outcomes, series of numbers that mimic most properties of true…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-18 M. Jofre , M. Curty , F. Steinlechner , G. Anzolin , J. P. Torres , M. W. Mitchell , V. Pruneri

The semi-source independent quantum walk random number generator (SI-QW-QRNG) is a cryptographic protocol that extracts a string of true random bits from a quantum random walk with an adversary controls a randomness source, but the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-13 Minu J. Bae

Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) can produce true random numbers. Yet, the two most important QRNG parameters highly desired for practical applications, i.e., speed and size, have to be compromised during implementations. Here, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-02 Bing Bai , Jianyao Huang , Guan-Ru Qiao , You-Qi Nie , Weijie Tang , Tao Chu , Jun Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan

We report a demonstration of a high-entropy optical quantum random number generator (QRNG) based on photon arrival time. We have implemented the scheme with high-speed and high-precision electronics with a time resolution of 1 ps generating…

In the quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) method, the Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG) plays a crucial role in determining the computation time. However, the hidden structure of the PRNG may lead to serious issues such as the breakdown of the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-03-12 Dong-Xu Liu , Wei Xu , Xue-Feng Zhang

The problem of generating random quantum states is of a great interest from the quantum information theory point of view. In this paper we present a package for Mathematica computing system harnessing a specific piece of hardware, namely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-20 J. A. Miszczak

How much cryptographically-secure randomness can be extracted from a quantum state? This fundamental question probes the absolute limits of quantum random number generation (QRNG) and yet, despite the technological maturity of QRNGs, it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-05 Kriss Gutierrez Anco , Tristan Nemoz , Peter Brown

We present the discovery of a fundamental composition law governing conjugate observables in the Random Permutation Sorting System (RPSS). The law links the discrete permutation count Np and the continuous elapsed time T through a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Yurang R. Kuang

Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) based on quadrature measurements of the vacuum have so far used balanced homodyne detection to obtain a source of high entropy. Here we propose a simple direct detection measurement scheme using only…

We present a new version of TRQS package for Mathematica computing system. The package allows harnessing quantum random number generators (QRNG) for investigating the statistical properties of quantum states. It implements a number of…

Computational Physics · Physics 2012-10-15 J. A. Miszczak

A quantum random number generator (QRNG) as a genuine source of randomness is essential in many applications, such as number simulation and cryptography. Recently, a source-independent quantum random number generator (SI-QRNG), which can…

Quantum random number generator (QRNG) can produce true randomness by utilizing the inherent probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics. Recently, the spontaneous-emission quantum phase noise of the laser has been widely deployed for QRNG,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-18 Shi-Hai Sun , Feihu Xu

Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) harness the inherent unpredictability of quantum mechanics to produce true randomness. Yet, in many optical implementations, the light source remains a potential vulnerability - susceptible to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 KaiWei Qiu , Yu Cai , Nelly H. Y. Ng , Jing Yan Haw

Random numbers are central to various applications such as secure communications, quantum key distribution theory (QKD), statistics, and other tasks. One of today's most popular generators is quantum random numbers (QRNGs). The inherent…

Random number generators (RNG) are an important resource in many areas: cryptography (both quantum and classical), probabilistic computation (Monte Carlo methods), numerical simulations, industrial testing and labeling, hazard games,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 Mario Stipcevic

The numerical generation of random quantum states (RQS) is an important procedure for investigations in quantum information science. Here we review some methods that may be used for performing that task. We start by presenting a simple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-11-02 Jonas Maziero

Our ability to trust that a random number is truly random is essential for fields as diverse as cryptography and fundamental tests of quantum mechanics. Existing solutions both come with drawbacks -- device-independent quantum random number…