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Post-quantum cryptography currently rests on a small number of hardness assumptions, posing significant risks should any one of them be compromised. This vulnerability motivates the search for new and cryptographically versatile assumptions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-20 Jonathan Z. Lu , Alexander Poremba , Yihui Quek , Akshar Ramkumar

The improvements on quantum technology are threatening our daily cybersecurity, as a capable quantum computer can break all currently employed asymmetric cryptosystems. In preparation for the quantum-era the National Institute of Standards…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Violetta Weger , Niklas Gassner , Joachim Rosenthal

Traditional cryptography is suffering a huge threat from the development of quantum computing. While many currently used public-key cryptosystems would be broken by Shor's algorithm, the effect of quantum computing on symmetric ones is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-24 Huiqin Xie , Li Yang

The rapid advancement of quantum computing poses a significant threat to many current security algorithms used for secure communication, digital authentication, and information encryption. A sufficiently powerful quantum computer could…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Basel Halak , Cristian Sebastian Csete , Edward Joyce , Jack Papaioannou , Alexandre Pires , Jin Soma , Betul Gokkaya , Michael Murphy

Classification techniques can be used to analyze system behaviors, network protocols, and cryptographic primitives based on identifiable traits. While useful for defense, such classification can also be leveraged by attackers to infer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Tushin Mallick , Cristina Nita-Rotaru , Ashish Kundu , Ramana Kompella

A Post-Quantum Key Exchange is needed since the availability of quantum computers that allegedly allow breaking classical algorithms like Diffie-Hellman, El Gamal, RSA and others within a practical amount of time is broadly assumed in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-01-22 G. Brands , C. B. Roellgen , K. U. Vogel

Recently, the invention of quantum computers was so revolutionary that they bring transformative challenges in a variety of fields, especially for the traditional cryptographic blockchain, and it may become a real thread for most of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Tatsuru Kikuchi

The secure command and control (C&C) of mobile agents arises in various settings including unmanned aerial vehicles, single pilot operations in commercial settings, and mobile robots to name a few. As more and more of these applications get…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-18 Richa Varma , Chris Melville , Claudio Pinello , Tuhin Sahai

Diffie-Hellman key exchange is at the foundations of public-key cryptography, but conventional group-based Diffie-Hellman is vulnerable to Shor's quantum algorithm. A range of "post-quantum Diffie-Hellman" protocols have been proposed to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Benjamin Smith

The traditional way for a Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) user to join a quantum network is by authenticating themselves using pre-shared key material. While this approach is sufficient for small-scale networks, it becomes impractical as the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-30 Juan Antonio Vieira Giestinhas , Timothy Spiller

In this work we review the security vulnerability of Quantum Cryptography with respect to "man-in-the-middle attacks" and the standard authentication methods applied to counteract these attacks. We further propose a modified authentication…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Peev , M. Nölle , O. Maurhardt , T. Lorünser , M. Suda , A. Poppe , R. Ursin , A. Fedrizzi , A. Zeilinger

Post-quantum cryptography is inevitable. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) starts standardizing quantum-resistant public-key cryptography (aka post-quantum cryptography). The reason is that investment in quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-02 Quan Thoi Minh Nguyen

Quantum key distribution (QKD) can provide information theoretically secure key exchange even in the era of quantum computer. However, QKD requires the classical channel to be authenticated, and the current method is pre-sharing symmetric…

Secure communication plays a crucial role in the Internet Age. Quantum mechanics may revolutionise cryptography as we know it today. In this Review Article, we introduce the motivation and the current state of the art of research in quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 Hoi-Kwong Lo , Marcos Curty , Kiyoshi Tamaki

The recent discovery of fully-homomorphic classical encryption schemes has had a dramatic effect on the direction of modern cryptography. Such schemes, however, implicitly rely on the assumptions that solving certain computation problems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-31 Yingkai Ouyang , Si-Hui Tan , Joseph Fitzsimons

Quantum computing threatens the security foundations of consumer electronics (CE). Preparing the diverse CE ecosystem, particularly resource-constrained devices, for the post-quantum era requires quantitative understanding of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Daniel Commey , Benjamin Appiah , Griffith S. Klogo , Winful Bagyl-Bac , James D. Gadze , Yousef Alsenani , Garth V. Crosby

Quantum computing is becoming increasingly widespread due to the potential and capabilities to solve complex problems beyond the scope of classical computers. As Quantum Cloud services are adopted by businesses and research groups, they…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Justin Coupel , Tasnuva Farheen

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is currently being discussed as a technology to safeguard communication in a future where quantum computers compromise traditional public-key cryptosystems. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive security…

Quantum computing is an emerging computing paradigm that can potentially transform several application areas by solving some of the intractable problems from classical domain. Similar to classical computing systems, quantum computing stack…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-14 Swaroop Ghosh , Suryansh Upadhyay , Abdullah Ash Saki

Quantum computers could break currently used asymmetric cryptographic schemes in a few years using Shor's algorithm. They are used in numerous protocols and applications to secure authenticity as well as key agreement, and quantum-safe…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Johanna Henrich