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Federated learning (FL) has enabled the training of multilingual large language models (LLMs) on diverse and decentralized multilingual data, especially on low-resource languages. To improve client-specific performance, personalization via…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Royson Lee , Minyoung Kim , Fady Rezk , Rui Li , Stylianos I. Venieris , Timothy Hospedales

Collaboratively fine-tuning (FT) large language models (LLMs) over heterogeneous mobile devices fosters immense potential applications of personalized intelligence. However, such a vision faces critical system challenges. Conventional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Xingke Yang , Liang Li , Sicong Li , Liwei Guan , Hao Wang , Xiaoqi Qi , Jiang Liu , Xin Fu , Miao Pan

Pre-trained foundation models (FMs), with extensive number of neurons, are key to advancing next-generation intelligence services, where personalizing these models requires massive amount of task-specific data and computational resources.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-04 Zixin Wang , Yong Zhou , Yuanming Shi , Khaled. B. Letaief

Pre-trained language models (PLM) have revolutionized the NLP landscape, achieving stellar performances across diverse tasks. These models, while benefiting from vast training data, often require fine-tuning on specific data to cater to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Jingwei Sun , Ziyue Xu , Hongxu Yin , Dong Yang , Daguang Xu , Yiran Chen , Holger R. Roth

When using supervised fine-tuning (SFT) to adapt large language models (LLMs) to specific domains, a significant challenge arises: should we use the entire SFT dataset for fine-tuning? Common practice often involves fine-tuning directly on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Xiang Liu , Zhaoxiang Liu , Peng Wang , Kohou Wang , Huan Hu , Kai Wang , Shiguo Lian

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in cross-modal understanding and generation by integrating visual and textual information. While instruction tuning and parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Weiying Zheng , Ziyue Lin , Pengxin Guo , Yuyin Zhou , Feifei Wang , Liangqiong Qu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant progress in multilingual language understanding and generation. However, due to the imbalance in training data, their capabilities in non-English languages are limited. Recent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Wenshuai Huo , Xiaocheng Feng , Yichong Huang , Chengpeng Fu , Baohang Li , Yangfan Ye , Zhirui Zhang , Dandan Tu , Duyu Tang , Yunfei Lu , Hui Wang , Bing Qin

Federated Learning (FL) plays a critical role in distributed systems. In these systems, data privacy and confidentiality hold paramount importance, particularly within edge-based data processing systems such as IoT devices deployed in smart…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Humaid Ahmed Desai , Amr Hilal , Hoda Eldardiry

Adapting foundation models for medical image analysis requires finetuning them on a considerable amount of data because of extreme distribution shifts between natural (source) data used for pretraining and medical (target) data. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Mothilal Asokan , Joseph Geo Benjamin , Mohammad Yaqub , Karthik Nandakumar

Federated fine-tuning enables privacy-preserving LLM adaptation but faces a critical bottleneck: the disparity between LLMs' high memory demands and edge devices' limited capacity. To break the memory barrier, we propose Chain Federated…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yebo Wu , Jingguang Li , Chunlin Tian , Kahou Tam , Zhijiang Guo , Li Li

Modern mobile devices have access to a wealth of data suitable for learning models, which in turn can greatly improve the user experience on the device. For example, language models can improve speech recognition and text entry, and image…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-30 H. Brendan McMahan , Eider Moore , Daniel Ramage , Seth Hampson , Blaise Agüera y Arcas

Fine-tuning pre-trained large language models (LLMs) in a distributed manner poses significant challenges on resource-constrained edge networks. To address this challenge, we propose SflLLM, a novel framework that integrates split federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Kai Zhao , Zhaohui Yang , Ye Hu , Mingzhe Chen , Chen Zhu , Zhaoyang Zhang

As a promising paradigm to collaboratively train models with decentralized data, Federated Learning (FL) can be exploited to fine-tune Large Language Models (LLMs). While LLMs correspond to huge size, the scale of the training data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Ji Liu , Jiaxiang Ren , Ruoming Jin , Zijie Zhang , Yang Zhou , Patrick Valduriez , Dejing Dou

Federated learning (FL) offers privacy-preserving decentralized machine learning, optimizing models at edge clients without sharing private data. Simultaneously, foundation models (FMs) have gained traction in the artificial intelligence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Sixing Yu , J. Pablo Muñoz , Ali Jannesari

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as important components across various fields, yet their training requires substantial computation resources and abundant labeled data. It poses a challenge to robustly training LLMs for individual…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Jiaxing QI , Zhongzhi Luan , Shaohan Huang , Carol Fung , Hailong Yang , Depei Qian

Trained on massive publicly available data, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated tremendous success across various fields. While more data contributes to better performance, a disconcerting reality is that high-quality public data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Rui Ye , Wenhao Wang , Jingyi Chai , Dihan Li , Zexi Li , Yinda Xu , Yaxin Du , Yanfeng Wang , Siheng Chen

Federated fine-tuning (FedFT) provides an effective paradigm for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) in privacy-sensitive scenarios. However, practical deployment remains challenging due to the limited resources on end devices.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Rukuo Li , Jianchun Liu , Hongli Xu , Liusheng Huang

Large language models (LLMs) with one or more fine-tuning phases have become a necessary step to unlock various capabilities, enabling LLMs to follow natural language instructions or align with human preferences. However, it carries the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Tingfeng Hui , Zhenyu Zhang , Shuohuan Wang , Weiran Xu , Yu Sun , Hua Wu

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) adapts a trained model to specific downstream tasks, significantly improving task-specific performance. Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) is a common approach, where an LLM is trained to produce desired…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Qianxi Li , Yingyue Cao , Jikun Kang , Tianpei Yang , Xi Chen , Jun Jin , Matthew E. Taylor

Transfer learning via fine-tuning pre-trained transformer models has gained significant success in delivering state-of-the-art results across various NLP tasks. In the absence of centralized data, Federated Learning (FL) can benefit from…