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Researchers and developers increasingly rely on toxicity scoring to moderate generative language model outputs, in settings such as customer service, information retrieval, and content generation. However, toxicity scoring may render…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Jennifer Chien , Kevin R. McKee , Jackie Kay , William Isaac

When an algorithm provides risk assessments, we typically think of them as helpful inputs to human decisions, such as when risk scores are presented to judges or doctors. However, a decision-maker may react not only to the information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Bryce McLaughlin , Jann Spiess

Self-awareness, i.e., the ability to assess and correct one's own generation, is a fundamental aspect of human intelligence, making its replication in large language models (LLMs) an important yet challenging task. Previous works tackle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Hyunseok Lee , Seunghyuk Oh , Jaehyung Kim , Jinwoo Shin , Jihoon Tack

Recourse provides individuals who received undesirable labels (e.g., denied a loan) from algorithmic decision-making systems with a minimum-cost improvement suggestion to achieve the desired outcome. However, in practice, models often get…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Phone Kyaw , Kshitij Kayastha , Shahin Jabbari

Existing approaches to algorithmic fairness aim to ensure equitable outcomes if human decision-makers comply perfectly with algorithmic decisions. However, perfect compliance with the algorithm is rarely a reality or even a desirable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Haosen Ge , Hamsa Bastani , Osbert Bastani

A central piece in enabling intelligent agentic behavior in foundation models is to make them capable of introspecting upon their behavior, reasoning, and correcting their mistakes as more computation or interaction is available. Even the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Yuxiao Qu , Tianjun Zhang , Naman Garg , Aviral Kumar

As predictive models are increasingly being deployed to make a variety of consequential decisions, there is a growing emphasis on designing algorithms that can provide recourse to affected individuals. Existing recourse algorithms function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Kaivalya Rawal , Ece Kamar , Himabindu Lakkaraju

The increasing availability and use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in educational settings has raised concerns about students' overreliance on these technologies. Overreliance occurs when individuals accept incorrect AI-generated…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Griffin Pitts , Neha Rani , Weedguet Mildort , Eva-Marie Cook

Artificial Intelligence based systems increasingly use personalization to provide users with relevant content, products, and solutions. Personalization is intended to support users and address their respective needs and preferences.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Laura Schelenz , Avi Segal , Kobi Gal

Algorithmic recourse is a process that leverages counterfactual explanations, going beyond understanding why a system produced a given classification, to providing a user with actions they can take to change their predicted outcome.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Jenny Hamer , Nicholas Perello , Jake Valladares , Vignesh Viswanathan , Yair Zick

Assistive agents should make humans' lives easier. Classically, such assistance is studied through the lens of inverse reinforcement learning, where an assistive agent (e.g., a chatbot, a robot) infers a human's intention and then selects…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Vivek Myers , Evan Ellis , Sergey Levine , Benjamin Eysenbach , Anca Dragan

Big Data analytics and Artificial Intelligence systems derive non-intuitive and often unverifiable inferences about individuals' behaviors, preferences, and private lives. Drawing on diverse, feature-rich datasets of unpredictable value,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Yui Kondo , Kevin Dunnell , Qing Xiao , Jun Zhao , Luc Rocher

Academic advising is critical to student success in higher education, yet high student-to-advisor ratios limit advisors' capacity to provide timely support, particularly during peak periods. Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs)…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Wendan Jiang , Shiyuan Wang , Hiba Eltigani , Rukhshan Haroon , Abdullah Bin Faisal , Fahad Dogar

Behavioral scientists have classically documented aversion to algorithmic decision aids, from simple linear models to AI. Sentiment, however, is changing and possibly accelerating AI helper usage. AI assistance is, arguably, most valuable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Nikolos Gurney , John H. Miller , David V. Pynadath

A long-term goal of reinforcement learning is to design agents that can autonomously interact and learn in the world. A critical challenge to such autonomy is the presence of irreversible states which require external assistance to recover…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Annie Xie , Fahim Tajwar , Archit Sharma , Chelsea Finn

Fairness is a growing concern for high-risk decision-making using Artificial Intelligence (AI) but ensuring it through purely technical means is challenging: there is no universally accepted fairness measure, fairness is context-dependent,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Evdoxia Taka , Yuri Nakao , Ryosuke Sonoda , Takuya Yokota , Lin Luo , Simone Stumpf

The use of algorithmic (learning-based) decision making in scenarios that affect human lives has motivated a number of recent studies to investigate such decision making systems for potential unfairness, such as discrimination against…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Junaid Ali , Muhammad Bilal Zafar , Adish Singla , Krishna P. Gummadi

Person re-identification (re-ID) has become increasingly popular in the community due to its application and research significance. It aims at spotting a person of interest in other cameras. In the early days, hand-crafted algorithms and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-10-11 Liang Zheng , Yi Yang , Alexander G. Hauptmann

Person re-identification (Re-ID) is one of the primary components of an automated visual surveillance system. It aims to automatically identify/search persons in a multi-camera network having non-overlapping field-of-views. Owing to its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Asmat Zahra , Nazia Perwaiz , Muhammad Shahzad , Muhammad Moazam Fraz

The rise in machine learning-assisted decision-making has led to concerns about the fairness of the decisions and techniques to mitigate problems of discrimination. If a negative decision is made about an individual (denying a loan,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Vivek Gupta , Pegah Nokhiz , Chitradeep Dutta Roy , Suresh Venkatasubramanian