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In this paper I argue that the search for explainable models and interpretable decisions in AI must be reformulated in terms of the broader project of offering a pragmatic and naturalistic account of understanding in AI. Intuitively, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Andrés Páez

The increasing prevalence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in safety-critical contexts such as air-traffic control leads to systems that are practical and efficient, and to some extent explainable to humans to be trusted and accepted. The…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Sabine Theis , Sophie Jentzsch , Fotini Deligiannaki , Charles Berro , Arne Peter Raulf , Carmen Bruder

Explainability has been an important goal since the early days of Artificial Intelligence. Several approaches for producing explanations have been developed. However, many of these approaches were tightly coupled with the capabilities of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-20 Shruthi Chari , Daniel M. Gruen , Oshani Seneviratne , Deborah L. McGuinness

Artificial Intelligence has emerged as a useful aid in numerous clinical applications for diagnosis and treatment decisions. Deep neural networks have shown same or better performance than clinicians in many tasks owing to the rapid…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-05 Zohaib Salahuddin , Henry C Woodruff , Avishek Chatterjee , Philippe Lambin

Remarkable success of modern image-based AI methods and the resulting interest in their applications in critical decision-making processes has led to a surge in efforts to make such intelligent systems transparent and explainable. The need…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Adriano Lucieri , Muhammad Naseer Bajwa , Andreas Dengel , Sheraz Ahmed

Explainable AI is an emerging field providing solutions for acquiring insights into automated systems' rationale. It has been put on the AI map by suggesting ways to tackle key ethical and societal issues. Existing explanation techniques…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Ioannis Mollas , Nick Bassiliades , Grigorios Tsoumakas

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into high-stakes domains such as healthcare, finance, and autonomous systems is often constrained by concerns over transparency, interpretability, and trust. While Human-Centered AI (HCAI)…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Chameera De Silva , Thilina Halloluwa , Dhaval Vyas

We characterize three notions of explainable AI that cut across research fields: opaque systems that offer no insight into its algo- rithmic mechanisms; interpretable systems where users can mathemat- ically analyze its algorithmic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Derek Doran , Sarah Schulz , Tarek R. Besold

Deep learning-based AI models have been extensively applied in genomics, achieving remarkable success across diverse applications. As these models gain prominence, there exists an urgent need for interpretability methods to establish…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2025-05-16 Chenyu Wang , Chaoying Zuo , Zihan Su , Yuhang Xing , Lu Li , Maojun Wang , Zeyu Zhang

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the disruptive technologies that is shaping the future. It has growing applications for data-driven decisions in major smart city solutions, including transportation, education, healthcare, public…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 M. Humayn Kabir , Khondokar Fida Hasan , Mohammad Kamrul Hasan , Keyvan Ansari

We discuss our insights into interpretable artificial-intelligence (AI) models, and how they are essential in the context of developing ethical AI systems, as well as data-driven solutions compliant with the Sustainable Development Goals…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-25 Ricardo Vinuesa , Beril Sirmacek

Recently, artificial intelligence and machine learning in general have demonstrated remarkable performances in many tasks, from image processing to natural language processing, especially with the advent of deep learning. Along with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Erico Tjoa , Cuntai Guan

Ante-hoc interpretability has become the holy grail of explainable artificial intelligence for high-stakes domains such as healthcare; however, this notion is elusive, lacks a widely-accepted definition and depends on the operational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Kacper Sokol , Julia E. Vogt

As AI systems advance and integrate into society, well-designed and transparent evaluations are becoming essential tools in AI governance, informing decisions by providing evidence about system capabilities and risks. Yet there remains a…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become an integral part of domains such as security, finance, healthcare, medicine, and criminal justice. Explaining the decisions of AI systems in human terms is a key challenge--due to the high complexity…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Sheikh Rabiul Islam , William Eberle , Sheikh K. Ghafoor

Interpretable machine learning tackles the important problem that humans cannot understand the behaviors of complex machine learning models and how these models arrive at a particular decision. Although many approaches have been proposed, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Mengnan Du , Ninghao Liu , Xia Hu

The rapid growth of research in explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) follows on two substantial developments. First, the enormous application success of modern machine learning methods, especially deep and reinforcement learning, which…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-06 S. Atakishiyev , H. Babiker , N. Farruque , R. Goebel1 , M-Y. Kima , M. H. Motallebi , J. Rabelo , T. Syed , O. R. Zaïane

Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are being deployed around the globe in critical fields such as healthcare and education. In some cases, expert practitioners in these domains are being tasked with introducing or using such systems, but…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Iain Barclay , Will Abramson

Explainability is a critical factor in enhancing the trustworthiness and acceptance of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare, where decisions directly impact patient outcomes. Despite advancements in AI interpretability, clear…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Michail Mamalakis , Héloïse de Vareilles , Graham Murray , Pietro Lio , John Suckling

We argue that existing definitions of interpretability are not actionable in that they fail to inform users about general, sound, and robust interpretable model design. This makes current interpretability research fundamentally ill-posed.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Pietro Barbiero , Mateo Espinosa Zarlenga , Alberto Termine , Mateja Jamnik , Giuseppe Marra