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Semantic segmentation in cataract surgery has a wide range of applications contributing to surgical outcome enhancement and clinical risk reduction. However, the varying issues in segmenting the different relevant structures in these…
We find the numerically exact partition potential for 1-D systems of interacting electrons designed to model diatomic molecules. At integer fragment occupations, the kinetic contribution to the partition potential develops sharp features in…
Ring-polymer molecular dynamics (RPMD) has become a popular method for describing chemical reactions due to its ability to simultaneously capture tunneling, zero-point energy, anharmonicity and recrossing. Here we highlight that despite its…
As sensing and instrumentation play an increasingly important role in systems controlled over wired and wireless networks, the need to better understand delay-sensitive communication becomes a prime issue. Along these lines, this article…
With the rise of service-oriented computing, applications are more and more based on coordination of autonomous services. Envisioned over largely distributed and highly dynamic platforms, expressing this coordination calls for alternative…
For reaction-diffusion equations in irregular domain with moving boundaries, the numerical stability constraints from the reaction and diffusion terms often require very restricted time step size, while complex geometries may lead to…
We conduct a theoretical study of various solution methods for the adaptive fractionation problem. The two messages of this paper are: (i) dynamic programming (DP) is a useful framework for adaptive radiation therapy, particularly adaptive…
The overlapping stage of heavy-ion reactions can be simulated by dynamical microscopical models, such as those built on the basis of the Molecular Dynamics (MD) approaches, allowing to study the fragment formation process. The present…
In studying solidification process by simulations on the atomic scale, the modeling of crystal nucleation or amorphisation requires the construction of interatomic interactions that are able to reproduce the properties of both the solid and…
A reinforcement learning (RL) framework is introduced for the efficient synthesis of quantum circuits that generate specified target quantum states from a fixed initial state, addressing a central challenge in both the Noisy…
Thermal infrared image enhancement aims to restore high-quality images from complex compound degradations. Existing all-in-one approaches typically employ a single shared backbone to handle diverse degradations, which causes gradient…
Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DPMs) have been recently utilized to deal with various blind image restoration (IR) tasks, where they have demonstrated outstanding performance in terms of perceptual quality. However, the task-specific…
In this work, we develop a scalable, local trajectory optimization algorithm that enables robots to interact with other robots. It has been shown that agents' interactions can be successfully captured in game-theoretic formulations, where…
Recently, deep multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL) has become a highly active research area as many real-world problems can be inherently viewed as multiagent systems. A particularly interesting and widely applicable class of problems…
We expand the standard thermodynamic framework of a system coupled to a thermal reservoir by considering a stream of independently prepared units repeatedly put into contact with the system. These units can be in any nonequilibrium state…
Accurately modelling cold and ultracold reactive collisions occuring over deep potential wells, such as \ce{D+ + H2 -> H+ + HD}, requires the development of new theoretical and computational methodologies. One potentially useful framework…
The accurate treatment of electron correlation in extended molecular systems remains computationally challenging using classical electronic structure methods. Hybrid quantum-classical algorithms offer a potential route to overcome these…
When a colloid is mixed with a depletant such as a non-adsorbing polymer, one observes attractive effective interactions between the colloidal particles. If these particles are anisotropic, analysis of these effective interactions is…
A new upscaling procedure that provides 1D representations of 2D mixing-limited reactive transport systems is developed and applied. A key complication with upscaled models in this setting is that the procedure must differentiate between…
Quantum electrodynamics (QED) provides a highly accurate description of phenomena involving the interaction of atoms with light. We argue that the quantum theory describing the interaction of cold atoms with a vibrating membrane--quantum…