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Pre-trained language models such as BERT have exhibited remarkable performances in many tasks in natural language understanding (NLU). The tokens in the models are usually fine-grained in the sense that for languages like English they are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-28 Xinsong Zhang , Pengshuai Li , Hang Li

Multimodal Audio-Language Models (ALMs) can understand and reason over both audio and text. Typically, reasoning performance correlates with model size, with the best results achieved by models exceeding 8 billion parameters. However, no…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Soham Deshmukh , Satvik Dixit , Rita Singh , Bhiksha Raj

Despite the growing popularity of audio platforms, fact-checking spoken content remains significantly underdeveloped. Misinformation in speech often unfolds across multi-turn dialogues, shaped by speaker interactions, disfluencies,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Chaewan Chun , Lysandre Terrisse , Delvin Ce Zhang , Dongwon Lee

The URGENT 2024 Challenge aims to foster speech enhancement (SE) techniques with great universality, robustness, and generalizability, featuring a broader task definition, large-scale multi-domain data, and comprehensive evaluation metrics.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-03 Wangyou Zhang , Kohei Saijo , Samuele Cornell , Robin Scheibler , Chenda Li , Zhaoheng Ni , Anurag Kumar , Marvin Sach , Wei Wang , Yihui Fu , Shinji Watanabe , Tim Fingscheidt , Yanmin Qian

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable capabilities across a variety of domains and tasks, challenging our understanding of learning and cognition. Despite the recent success, current LLMs are not capable of processing…

Large language models (LLMs) are being increasingly tuned to power complex generation tasks such as writing, fact-seeking, querying and reasoning. Traditionally, human or model feedback for evaluating and further tuning LLM performance has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Yukti Makhija , Priyanka Agrawal , Rishi Saket , Aravindan Raghuveer

Instruction-following text-to-speech (TTS) has emerged as an important capability for controllable and expressive speech generation, yet its evaluation remains underdeveloped due to limited benchmark coverage, weak diagnostic granularity,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Huakang Chen , Jingbin Hu , Liumeng Xue , Qirui Zhan , Wenhao Li , Guobin Ma , Hanke Xie , Dake Guo , Linhan Ma , Yuepeng Jiang , Bengu Wu , Pengyuan Xie , Chuan Xie , Qiang Zhang , Lei Xie

Recent progress in large-scale pre-training has led to the development of advanced vision-language models (VLMs) with remarkable proficiency in comprehending and generating multimodal content. Despite the impressive ability to perform…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Hang Hua , Jing Shi , Kushal Kafle , Simon Jenni , Daoan Zhang , John Collomosse , Scott Cohen , Jiebo Luo

Generalization is a main issue for current audio deepfake detectors, which struggle to provide reliable results on out-of-distribution data. Given the speed at which more and more accurate synthesis methods are developed, it is very…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Alessandro Pianese , Davide Cozzolino , Giovanni Poggi , Luisa Verdoliva

As language models become integral to critical workflows, assessing their behavior remains a fundamental challenge -- human evaluation is costly and noisy, while automated metrics provide only coarse, difficult-to-interpret signals. We…

After its sweeping success in vision and language tasks, pure attention-based neural architectures (e.g. DeiT) are emerging to the top of audio tagging (AT) leaderboards, which seemingly obsoletes traditional convolutional neural networks…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Juncheng B Li , Shuhui Qu , Po-Yao Huang , Florian Metze

While multi-modal learning has advanced significantly, current approaches often create inconsistencies in representation and reasoning of different modalities. We propose UMaT, a theoretically-grounded framework that unifies visual and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Xiaowei Bi , Zheyuan Xu

Developing large audio language models (LMs) capable of understanding diverse spoken interactions is essential for accommodating the multimodal nature of human communication and can increase the accessibility of language technologies across…

Challenging problems such as open-domain question answering, fact checking, slot filling and entity linking require access to large, external knowledge sources. While some models do well on individual tasks, developing general models is…

Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) models have achieved remarkable performance on various natural language processing tasks, and have shown great potential as backbones for audio-and-text large language models (LLMs). Previous…

This paper offers a precise, formal definition of an audio-to-score alignment. While the concept of an alignment is intuitively grasped, this precision affords us new insight into the evaluation of audio-to-score alignment algorithms.…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-10-01 John Thickstun , Jennifer Brennan , Harsh Verma

Object counting is a foundational vision task with over a decade of dedicated research, yet state-of-the-art models still fail systematically in the mixed-object setting that dominates real-world applications such as industrial inspection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Corentin Dumery , Niki Amini-Naieni , Shervin Naini , Pascal Fua

In this paper, we propose SemanticAC, a semantics-assisted framework for Audio Classification to better leverage the semantic information. Unlike conventional audio classification methods that treat class labels as discrete vectors, we…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Yicheng Xiao , Yue Ma , Shuyan Li , Hantao Zhou , Ran Liao , Xiu Li

Most modern approaches for audio processing are opaque, in the sense that they do not provide an explanation for their decisions. For this reason, various methods have been proposed to explain the outputs generated by these models. Good…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Cecilia Bolaños , Leonardo Pepino , Martin Meza , Luciana Ferrer

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have been widely applied in speech and music. This tendency has led to a focus on audio tokenization for Large Models (LMs). Unlike semantic-only text tokens, audio tokens must both capture global…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Lu Wang , Hao Chen , Siyu Wu , Zhiyue Wu , Hao Zhou , Chengfeng Zhang , Ting Wang , Haodi Zhang
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