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This study investigates the labor market consequences of AI by analyzing near real-time changes in employment status and work hours across occupations in relation to advances in AI capabilities. We construct a dynamic Occupational AI…

General Economics · Economics 2025-07-14 Jacob Dominski , Yong Suk Lee

AI agents -- systems that execute multi-step reasoning workflows with persistent state, tool access, and specialist skills -- represent a qualitative shift from prior automation technologies in social science. Unlike chatbots that respond…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yongjun Zhang

Research has a long history of discussing what is superior in predicting certain outcomes: statistical methods or the human brain. This debate has repeatedly been sparked off by the remarkable technological advances in the field of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Dominik Dellermann , Philipp Ebel , Matthias Soellner , Jan Marco Leimeister

Artificial intelligence is reshaping labor markets, yet we lack tools to systematically forecast its effects on employment. This paper introduces a benchmark for evaluating how well large language models (LLMs) can anticipate changes in job…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Sheri Osborn , Rohit Valecha , H. Raghav Rao , Dan Sass , Anthony Rios

At face value, this essay is about understanding a fairly esoteric governance tool called compute thresholds. However, in order to grapple with whether these thresholds will achieve anything, we must first understand how they came to be. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Sara Hooker

We develop a formal economic framework to analyze whether neural scaling laws in artificial intelligence will activate Jevons' Paradox in labor markets, potentially leading to increased AI adoption and human labor substitution. By using a…

General Economics · Economics 2025-06-11 Rajesh P. Narayanan , R. Kelley Pace

AI and renewable energy are increasingly framed as a "power couple" -- the idea that surging AI electricity demand will accelerate clean-energy investment -- yet concerns persist that AI will instead entrench fossil-fuel carbon lock-in. We…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Luyi Gui , Tinglong Dai

Although AI holds promise for improving human decision making in societally critical domains, it remains an open question how human-AI teams can reliably outperform AI alone and human alone in challenging prediction tasks (also known as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Han Liu , Vivian Lai , Chenhao Tan

We are at the dawn of a new era, where advances in computer power, broadband communication and digital sensor technologies have led to an unprecedented flood of data inundating our surrounding. It is generally believed that means such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-07-21 Emanuel Diamant

Prior work has identified a resilient phenomenon that threatens the performance of human-AI decision-making teams: overreliance, when people agree with an AI, even when it is incorrect. Surprisingly, overreliance does not reduce when the AI…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Helena Vasconcelos , Matthew Jörke , Madeleine Grunde-McLaughlin , Tobias Gerstenberg , Michael Bernstein , Ranjay Krishna

We propose a stylized model of human-AI collaboration that isolates a mechanism we call the novelty bottleneck: the fraction of a task requiring human judgment creates an irreducible serial component analogous to Amdahl's Law in parallel…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Jacky Liang

Increasingly, modern Artificial Intelligence (AI) research has become more computationally intensive. However, a growing concern is that due to unequal access to computing power, only certain firms and elite universities have advantages in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Nur Ahmed , Muntasir Wahed

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have found industrial applications in various fields. AI systems typically possess complex software and heterogeneous CPU/GPU hardware architecture, making it difficult to answer…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Vyacheslav Zhdanovskiy , Lev Teplyakov , Anton Grigoryev

Rising publication pressure and the routine use of generative AI tools are reshaping how software engineering research is produced, assessed, and taught. While these developments promise efficiency, they also raise concerns about skill…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Mairieli Wessel , Daniel Feitosa , Sangeeth Kochanthara

Is artificial intelligence (AI) disrupting jobs and creating unemployment? Despite many attempts to quantify occupations' exposure to AI, inconsistent validation obfuscates the relative benefits of each approach. A lack of disaggregated…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Morgan Frank , Yong-Yeol Ahn , Esteban Moro

Computing power, or "compute," is crucial for the development and deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities. As a result, governments and companies have started to leverage compute as a means to govern AI. For example,…

Computing is a critical driving force in the development of human civilization. In recent years, we have witnessed the emergence of intelligent computing, a new computing paradigm that is reshaping traditional computing and promoting…

Workforce transformations are difficult to forecast and costly to mismanage. In particular, the integration of artificial intelligence into knowledge work currently affects a substantial share of the global workforce, yet this transition…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Sumer S. Vaid , Ashley V. Whillans

AI agents hold growing promise for accelerating scientific discovery; yet, a lack of frontier evaluations hinders adoption into real workflows. Expert-written benchmarks have proven effective at measuring AI reasoning, but most at this…

AI that can accelerate research could drive a century of technological progress over just a few years. During such a period, new technological or political developments will raise consequential and hard-to-reverse decisions, in rapid…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-19 William MacAskill , Fin Moorhouse