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Numerous scientific developments in this NISQ-era (Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum) have raised the importance for quantum algorithms relative to their conventional counterparts due to its asymptotic advantage. For resource estimates in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-13 Amit Saha , Anupam Chattopadhyay , Amlan Chakrabarti

We present a general decomposition of the Generalized Toffoli, and for completeness, the multi-target gate using an arbitrary number of clean or dirty ancilla. While prior work has shown how to decompose the Generalized Toffoli using 0, 1,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-04 Jonathan M. Baker , Casey Duckering , Alexander Hoover , Frederic T. Chong

The reversible implementation of classical functions accounts for the bulk of most known quantum algorithms. As a result, a number of reversible circuit constructions over the Clifford+$T$ gate set have been developed in recent years which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-08 Matthew Amy , Neil J. Ross

We examine the detailed scenario for implementing n-control-qubit Toffoli gates and select gates on ion-trap quantum computers, especially those that shuttle ions into interaction zones. We determine expected performance of these gates with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-02 Nilesh Goel , J. K. Freericks

Quantum error correction is a crucial step beyond the current noisy-intermediate-scale quantum device towards fault-tolerant quantum computing. However, most of the error corrections ever demonstrated rely on post-selection of events or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-07 Toshiaki Inada , Wonho Jang , Yutaro Iiyama , Koji Terashi , Ryu Sawada , Junichi Tanaka , Shoji Asai

We present an asymptotically improved algorithm for implementing the Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT) in both the exact and approximate settings. Historically, the approximate QFT has been implemented in $\Theta(n \log n)$ gates, and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-11 Ronit Shah

Using the tensor product representation in the density matrix renormalization group, we show that a quantum circuit of Grover's algorithm, which has one-qubit unitary gates, generalized Toffoli gates, and projective measurements, can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Kawaguchi , K. Shimizu , Y. Tokura , N. Imoto

In this study, we construct the quantum reversible counterparts of the logical AND, OR, XOR, NOR, and NAND gates. We utilize a quantum Fourier transform (QFT)-based adder circuit that replicates the functionality of a digital half-adder,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-25 Ayda Kaltehei , Murat Kurt , Azmi Gençten , Selçuk Çakmak

Quantum computing leverages quantum mechanics to achieve computational advantages over classical hardware, but the use of third-party quantum compilers in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era introduces risks of intellectual…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-21 Amal Raj , Vivek Balachandran

We give precise quantum resource estimates for Shor's algorithm to compute discrete logarithms on elliptic curves over prime fields. The estimates are derived from a simulation of a Toffoli gate network for controlled elliptic curve point…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-01 Martin Roetteler , Michael Naehrig , Krysta M. Svore , Kristin Lauter

A single-shot Toffoli, or controlled-controlled-NOT, gate is desirable for classical and quantum information processing. The Toffoli gate alone is universal for reversible computing and, accompanied by the Hadamard gate, forms a universal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-21 Ehsan Zahedinejad , Joydip Ghosh , Barry C. Sanders

The ZX-calculus is a convenient formalism for expressing and reasoning about quantum circuits at a low level, whereas the recently-proposed ZH-calculus yields convenient expressions of mid-level quantum gates such as Toffoli and CCZ. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-17 Stach Kuijpers , John van de Wetering , Aleks Kissinger

We present improved circuits for the control-control-phase (Toffoli) gate and the control-swap (Fredkin) gate using three and four global two-qubit gates, respectively. This is a nearly double speed-up compared to the conventional circuits,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-19 Svetoslav S. Ivanov , Peter A. Ivanov , Nikolay V. Vitanov

In this paper, we study the optimal simulation of three-qubit unitary by using two-qubit gates. First, we give a lower bound on the two-qubit gates cost of simulating a multi-qubit gate. Secondly, we completely characterize the two-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-17 Nengkun Yu , Mingsheng Ying

There are two important, and potentially interconnecting, avenues to the realisation of large-scale quantum algorithms: improvement of the hardware, and reduction of resource requirements demanded by algorithm components. In focusing on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-02 G. A. L. White , C. D. Hill , L. C. L. Hollenberg

Quantum Computing is making significant advancements toward creating machines capable of implementing quantum algorithms in various fields, such as quantum cryptography, quantum image processing, and optimization. The development of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-05 Bhaskar Gaur , Edgard Muñoz-Coreas , Himanshu Thapliyal

We consider quantum circuits composed of Clifford and T gates. In this context the T gate has a special status since it confers universal computation when added to the (classically simulable) Clifford gates. However it can be very expensive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-21 David Gosset , Vadym Kliuchnikov , Michele Mosca , Vincent Russo

It has been known that quantum error correction via concatenated codes can be done with exponentially small failure rate if the error rate for physical qubits is below a certain accuracy threshold. Other, unconcatenated codes with their own…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-18 Eric Dennis

Semiconductor quantum dots offer a promising platform for controlling spin qubits and realizing quantum logic gates, essential for scalable quantum computing. In this work, we utilize a variational quantum compiling algorithm to design…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-22 Yuanyang Zhou , Huaxin He , Fengtao Pang , Hao Lyu , Yongping Zhang , Xi Chen

Quantum state preparation, also known as encoding or embedding, is a crucial initial step in many quantum algorithms and often constrains theoretical quantum speedup in fields such as quantum machine learning and linear equation solvers.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-04 Vittorio Pagni , Gary Schmiedinghoff , Kevin Lively , Michael Epping , Michael Felderer
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