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We consider the problem of testing the equality of conditional distributions of a response variable given a vector of covariates between two populations. Such a hypothesis testing problem can be motivated from various machine learning and…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-24 Xiaoyu Hu , Jing Lei

We consider statistical inference for network-linked regression problems, where covariates may include network summary statistics computed for each node. In settings involving network data, it is often natural to posit that latent variables…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-02 Wei Li , Nilanjan Chakraborty , Robert Lunde

This paper introduces score-based sequential Langevin sampling (SSLS), a novel approach to nonlinear data assimilation within a recursive Bayesian filtering framework. The proposed method decomposes the assimilation process into alternating…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Zhao Ding , Chenguang Duan , Yuling Jiao , Jerry Zhijian Yang , Cheng Yuan , Pingwen Zhang

High-dimensional inference methods often rely on coefficient sparsity, an assumption that can be restrictive when signals are dense but individually weak. In such settings, valid inference may still be possible if the covariates exhibit…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-14 Wenjun Xiong , Yan Chen , Mingya Long , Qizhai Li

We study inference for linear quantile regression with two-way clustered data. Using a separately exchangeable array framework and a projection decomposition of the quantile score, we characterize regime-dependent convergence rates and…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-05-26 Ulrich Hounyo , Jiahao Lin

Reliably characterizing the full conditional distribution of a multivariate response variable given a set of covariates is crucial for trustworthy decision-making. However, misspecified or miscalibrated multivariate models may yield a poor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Victor Dheur , Souhaib Ben Taieb

This paper studies inference in cluster randomized trials where treatment status is determined according to a "matched pairs" design. Here, by a cluster randomized experiment, we mean one in which treatment is assigned at the level of the…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-08-14 Yuehao Bai , Jizhou Liu , Azeem M. Shaikh , Max Tabord-Meehan

We develop inference procedures for longitudinal data where some of the measurements are censored by fixed constants. We consider a semi-parametric quantile regression model that makes no distributional assumptions. Our research is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-04-02 Huixia Judy Wang , Mendel Fygenson

The logistic regression analysis proposed by Schouten et al. (Stat Med. 1993;12:1733-1745) has been a standard method in current statistical analysis of case-cohort studies, and it enables effective estimation of risk ratio from selected…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-19 Hisashi Noma

Our goal is to estimate causal interactions in multivariate time series. Using vector autoregressive (VAR) models, these can be defined based on non-vanishing coefficients belonging to respective time-lagged instances. As in most cases a…

Methodology · Statistics 2010-08-13 Stefan Haufe , Guido Nolte , Klaus-Robert Mueller , Nicole Kraemer

The problem of detecting changes in covariance for a single pair of features has been studied in some detail, but may be limited in importance or general applicability. In contrast, testing equality of covariance matrices of a {\it set} of…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-12-12 Yi-Hui Zhou

It has been proposed that complex populations, such as those that arise in genomics studies, may exhibit dependencies among observations as well as among variables. This gives rise to the challenging problem of analyzing unreplicated…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-08 Michael Hornstein , Roger Fan , Kerby Shedden , Shuheng Zhou

Covariance matrices of random vectors contain information that is crucial for modelling. Specific structures and patterns of the covariances (or correlations) may be used to justify parametric models, e.g., autoregressive models. Until now,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-11 Paavo Sattler , Dennis Dobler

In this paper, we use the method of modified signed log-likelihood ratio test for the problem of testing the equality of correlation coefficients in two independent bivariate normal distributions. We compare this method with two other…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-06-01 M. R. Kazemi , A. A. Jafari

In many applied sciences a popular analysis strategy for high-dimensional data is to fit many multivariate generalized linear models in parallel. This paper presents a novel approach to address the resulting multiple testing problem by…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-07 Riccardo De Santis , Jelle J. Goeman , Samuel Davenport , Jesse Hemerik , Livio Finos

The accessibility of vast volumes of unlabeled data has sparked growing interest in semi-supervised learning (SSL) and covariate shift transfer learning (CSTL). In this paper, we present an inference framework for estimating regression…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-21 Ye Tian , Peng Wu , Zhiqiang Tan

So-called linear rank statistics provide a means for distribution-free (even in finite samples), yet highly flexible, two-sample testing in the setting of univariate random variables. Their flexibility derives from a choice of weights that…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-03 Dan D. Erdmann-Pham

Power law or generalized polynomial regressions with unknown real-valued exponents and coefficients, and weakly dependent errors, are considered for observations over time, space or space--time. Consistency and asymptotic normality of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-05-14 Peter M. Robinson

G-computation has become a widely used robust method for estimating unconditional (marginal) treatment effects with covariate adjustment in the analysis of randomized clinical trials. Statistical inference in this context typically relies…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-18 Xin Zhang , Haitao Chu , Lin Liu , Satrajit Roychoudhury

Model uncertainty quantification is an essential component of effective data assimilation. Model errors associated with sub-grid scale processes are often represented through stochastic parameterizations of the unresolved process. Many…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-04-13 Sahani Pathiraja , Peter Jan van Leeuwen