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The Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been the dominant and effective approach for general computer vision tasks. Recently, Kolmogorov-Arnold neural networks (KANs), based on the Kolmogorov-Arnold representation theorem, have shown…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zhaoxiang Liu , Zhicheng Ma , Kaikai Zhao , Kai Wang , Shiguo Lian

This article presents an input convex neural network architecture using Kolmogorov-Arnold networks (ICKAN). Two specific networks are presented: the first is based on a low-order, linear-by-part, representation of functions, and a universal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-11 Thomas Deschatre , Xavier Warin

The integration of machine learning with domain-specific physics is transforming the design, monitoring, and control of electricity systems, where data scarcity, limited interpretability, and the need to enforce physical laws constrain…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-22 Joseph Nyangon

I provide an introduction to the application of deep learning and neural networks for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). The approach, known as physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), involves minimizing the residual of the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-03-04 Hubert Baty

Despite the great promise of the physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) in solving forward and inverse problems, several technical challenges are present as roadblocks for more complex and realistic applications. First, most existing…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Han Gao , Matthew J. Zahr , Jian-Xun Wang

This paper proposes a new framework using physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to simulate complex structural systems that consist of single and double beams based on Euler-Bernoulli and Timoshenko theory, where the double beams are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Taniya Kapoor , Hongrui Wang , Alfredo Nunez , Rolf Dollevoet

Symbolic neural networks, such as Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KAN), offer a promising approach for integrating prior knowledge with data-driven methods, making them valuable for addressing inverse problems in scientific and engineering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Xia Chen , Guoquan Lv , Xinwei Zhuang , Carlos Duarte , Stefano Schiavon , Philipp Geyer

Graph neural networks (GNNs) excel in learning from network-like data but often lack interpretability, making their application challenging in domains requiring transparent decision-making. We propose the Graph Kolmogorov-Arnold Network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Gianluca De Carlo , Andrea Mastropietro , Aris Anagnostopoulos

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) [31] use automatic differentiation to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) by penalizing the PDE in the loss function at a random set of points in the domain of interest. Here, we develop a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-12-03 E. Kharazmi , Z. Zhang , G. E. Karniadakis

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are a powerful class of numerical solvers for partial differential equations, employing deep neural networks with successful applications across a diverse set of problems. However, their…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-04-18 Tianhao Hu , Bangti Jin , Zhi Zhou

Physics-informed neural networks have gained growing interest. Specifically, they are used to solve partial differential equations governing several physical phenomena. However, physics-informed neural network models suffer from several…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Diab W. Abueidda , Seid Koric , Erman Guleryuz , Nahil A. Sobh

By embedding physical intuition, network architectures enforce fundamental properties, such as energy conservation laws, leading to plausible predictions. Yet, scaling these models to intrinsically high-dimensional systems remains a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Katharina Friedl , Noémie Jaquier , Alyx Liao , Danica Kragic

Inverse design arises in a variety of areas in engineering such as acoustic, mechanics, thermal/electronic transport, electromagnetism, and optics. Topology optimization is a major form of inverse design, where we optimize a designed…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-01-19 Lu Lu , Raphael Pestourie , Wenjie Yao , Zhicheng Wang , Francesc Verdugo , Steven G. Johnson

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and vision transformers (ViTs) have shown excellent capability in complex hyperspectral image (HSI) classification. However, these models require a significant number of training data and are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Ali Jamali , Swalpa Kumar Roy , Danfeng Hong , Bing Lu , Pedram Ghamisi

We introduce a novel variant of GNN for particle tracking called Hierarchical Graph Neural Network (HGNN). The architecture creates a set of higher-level representations which correspond to tracks and assigns spacepoints to these tracks,…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2023-03-06 Ryan Liu , Paolo Calafiura , Steven Farrell , Xiangyang Ju , Daniel Thomas Murnane , Tuan Minh Pham

Physics-informed machine learning (PIML) has emerged as a promising new approach for simulating complex physical and biological systems that are governed by complex multiscale processes for which some data are also available. In some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Khemraj Shukla , Mengjia Xu , Nathaniel Trask , George Em Karniadakis

A physics-informed neural network (PINN) is developed, for the first time, to learn the time-dependent quasi-static magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations in axisymmetric tokamak geometry, without any experimental or synthetic data. The…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-04-23 Jonathan S. Arnaud , Christopher J. McDevitt , Golo Wimmer , Xian-Zhu Tang

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are machine learning tools that approximate the solution of general partial differential equations (PDEs) by adding them in some form as terms of the loss/cost function of a Neural Network. Most…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-08-29 Antonio Tadeu Azevedo Gomes , Larissa Miguez da Silva , Frederic Valentin

The effectiveness of the Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) for learning the dynamics of constrained Hamiltonian systems is demonstrated using the Dirac theory of constraints for regular systems with holonomic constraints and systems…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-02-10 Dimitrios A. Kaltsas

Physics informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a powerful tool to provide robust and accurate approximations of solutions to partial differential equations (PDEs). However, PINNs face serious difficulties and challenges when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Rajat Arora