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Brain MRI underpins a wide range of neuroscientific and clinical applications, yet most learning-based methods remain task-specific and require substantial labeled data. Here we show that a single self-supervised representation can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yizhou Wu , Shansong Wang , Yuheng Li , Mojtaba Safari , Mingzhe Hu , Chih-Wei Chang , Harini Veeraraghavan , Xiaofeng Yang

Foundation models are emerging as a powerful paradigm for fMRI analysis, but current approaches face a dual bottleneck of data- and training-efficiency. Atlas-based methods aggregate voxel signals into fixed regions of interest, reducing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Mo Wang , Junfeng Xia , Wenhao Ye , Enyu Liu , Kaining Peng , Jianfeng Feng , Quanying Liu , Hongkai Wen

Accurate fMRI analysis requires sensitivity to temporal structure across multiple scales, as BOLD signals encode cognitive processes that emerge from fast transient dynamics to slower, large-scale fluctuations. Existing deep learning (DL)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-06 Furkan Genç , Boran İsmet Macun , Sait Sarper Özaslan , Emine U. Saritas , Tolga Çukur

Wearable devices such as smartwatches are becoming increasingly popular tools for objectively monitoring physical activity in free-living conditions. To date, research has primarily focused on the purely supervised task of human activity…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-26 Dimitris Spathis , Ignacio Perez-Pozuelo , Soren Brage , Nicholas J. Wareham , Cecilia Mascolo

Objective: This study aims to establish a generalized transfer-learning framework for boosting the performance of steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) by leveraging cross-domain data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Kuan-Jung Chiang , Chun-Shu Wei , Masaki Nakanishi , Tzyy-Ping Jung

Interactions between the brain and body are of fundamental importance for human behavior and health. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) captures whole-brain activity noninvasively, and modeling how fMRI signals interact with…

Generating whole-brain 4D fMRI sequences conditioned on cognitive tasks remains challenging due to the high-dimensional, heterogeneous BOLD dynamics across subjects/acquisitions and the lack of neuroscience-grounded validation. We introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Jungwoo Seo , David Keetae Park , Shinjae Yoo , Jiook Cha

Inferring the functional specificity of brain regions from functional Magnetic Resonance Images (fMRI) data is a challenging statistical problem. While the General Linear Model (GLM) remains the standard approach for brain mapping,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-17 Fabian Pedregosa , Alexandre Gramfort , Gaël Varoquaux , Bertrand Thirion , Christophe Pallier , Elodie Cauvet

We release NSD-Imagery, a benchmark dataset of human fMRI activity paired with mental images, to complement the existing Natural Scenes Dataset (NSD), a large-scale dataset of fMRI activity paired with seen images that enabled unprecedented…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Reese Kneeland , Paul S. Scotti , Ghislain St-Yves , Jesse Breedlove , Kendrick Kay , Thomas Naselaris

In this study, we propose a neural network approach to capture the functional connectivities among anatomic brain regions. The suggested approach estimates a set of brain networks, each of which represents the connectivity patterns of a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Baran Baris Kivilcim , Itir Onal Ertugrul , Fatos T. Yarman Vural

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) aims to locate activated regions in human brains when specific tasks are performed. The conventional tool for analyzing fMRI data applies some variant of the linear model, which is restrictive in…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-08-08 Chunming Zhang , Tao Yu

Multivariate Pattern (MVP) classification holds enormous potential for decoding visual stimuli in the human brain by employing task-based fMRI data sets. There is a wide range of challenges in the MVP techniques, i.e. decreasing noise and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-12-28 Muhammad Yousefnezhad , Daoqiang Zhang

Transfer learning refers to machine learning techniques that focus on acquiring knowledge from related tasks to improve generalization in the tasks of interest. In MRI, transfer learning is important for developing strategies that address…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-05 Juan Miguel Valverde , Vandad Imani , Ali Abdollahzadeh , Riccardo De Feo , Mithilesh Prakash , Robert Ciszek , Jussi Tohka

Visual reconstruction algorithms are an interpretive tool that map brain activity to pixels. Past reconstruction algorithms employed brute-force search through a massive library to select candidate images that, when passed through an…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-05-03 Reese Kneeland , Jordyn Ojeda , Ghislain St-Yves , Thomas Naselaris

The reliance on large-scale datasets and extensive computational resources has become a major barrier to advancing representation learning in vision, especially in data-scarce domains. In this paper, we address the critical question: Can we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Carlos Vélez García , Miguel Cazorla , Jorge Pomares

The connection between brain activity and corresponding visual stimuli is crucial in comprehending the human brain. While deep generative models have exhibited advancement in recovering brain recordings by generating images conditioned on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Xuelin Qian , Yikai Wang , Yanwei Fu , Xinwei Sun , Xiangyang Xue , Jianfeng Feng

Several popular Transformer based language models have been found to be successful for text-driven brain encoding. However, existing literature leverages only pretrained text Transformer models and has not explored the efficacy of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Subba Reddy Oota , Jashn Arora , Veeral Agarwal , Mounika Marreddy , Manish Gupta , Bapi Raju Surampudi

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) enables non-invasive brain disorder classification by capturing blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signals. However, most existing methods rely on functional connectivity (FC) via Pearson…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Guoqi Yu , Xiaowei Hu , Angelica I. Aviles-Rivero , Anqi Qiu , Shujun Wang

Reconstructing visual information from brain activity via computer vision technology provides an intuitive understanding of visual neural mechanisms. Despite progress in decoding fMRI data with generative models, achieving accurate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Shiyi Zhang , Dong Liang , Yihang Zhou

This work investigates the unexplored usability of self-supervised representation learning in the direction of functional knowledge transfer. In this work, functional knowledge transfer is achieved by joint optimization of self-supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Prakash Chandra Chhipa , Muskaan Chopra , Gopal Mengi , Varun Gupta , Richa Upadhyay , Meenakshi Subhash Chippa , Kanjar De , Rajkumar Saini , Seiichi Uchida , Marcus Liwicki
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