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Legged robots are well-suited for broad exploration tasks in complex environments with yielding terrain. Understanding robotic foot-terrain interactions is critical for safe locomotion and walking efficiency for legged robots. This paper…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Xunjie Chen , Jingang Yi , Jerry Shan

Search and rescue (SAR) robots are required to quickly traverse terrain and perform high-force rescue tasks, necessitating both terrain adaptability and controlled high-force output. Few platforms exist today for SAR, and fewer still have…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-30 William Harris , Lucas Yager , Syler Sylvester , Elizabeth Peiros , Micheal C. Yip

The legged robots with variable stiffness actuators (VSAs) can achieve energy-efficient and versatile locomotion. However, equipping legged robots with VSAs in real-world application is usually restricted by (i) the redundant mechanical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Lei Yu , Haizhou Zhao , Siying Qin , Gumin Jin , Yuqing Chen

Legged locomotion shows promise for running in complex, unstructured environments. Designing such legged robots requires considering heterogeneous, multi-domain constraints and variables, from mechanical hardware and geometry choices to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Reed Truax , Feng Liu , Souma Chowdhury , Ryan St. Pierre

For the majority of tasks performed by traditional serial robot arms, such as bin picking or pick and place, only two or three degrees of freedom (DOF) are required for motion; however, by augmenting the number of degrees of freedom,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Angus B. Clark , Nicolas Rojas

Legged robots can outperform wheeled machines for most navigation tasks across unknown and rough terrains. For such tasks, visual feedback is a fundamental asset to provide robots with terrain-awareness. However, robust dynamic locomotion…

The high probability of hardware failures prevents many advanced robots (e.g., legged robots) from being confidently deployed in real-world situations (e.g., post-disaster rescue). Instead of attempting to diagnose the failures, robots…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-12-13 Konstantinos Chatzilygeroudis , Vassilis Vassiliades , Jean-Baptiste Mouret

Legged robots have shown remarkable advantages in navigating uneven terrain. However, realizing effective locomotion and manipulation tasks on quadruped robots is still challenging. In addition, object and terrain parameters are generally…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Mohsen Sombolestan , Quan Nguyen

Single locomotion robots often struggle to adapt in highly variable or uncertain environments, especially in emergencies. In this paper, a multi-modal deformable robot is introduced that can both fly and drive. Compatibility issues with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Xinyu Zhang , Yuanhao Huang , Kangyao Huang , Xiaoyu Wang , Dafeng Jin , Huaping Liu , Jun Li

Learning controllers that reproduce legged locomotion in nature has been a long-time goal in robotics and computer graphics. While yielding promising results, recent approaches are not yet flexible enough to be applicable to legged systems…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Daniel Ordonez-Apraez , Antonio Agudo , Francesc Moreno-Noguer , Mario Martin

In the context of legged robots, adaptive behavior involves adaptive balancing and adaptive swing foot reflection. While adaptive balancing counteracts perturbations to the robot, adaptive swing foot reflection helps the robot to navigate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Yiyu Chen , Quan Nguyen

Animals can finely modulate their leg stiffness to interact with complex terrains and absorb sudden shocks. In feats like leaping and sprinting, animals demonstrate a sophisticated interplay of opposing muscle pairs that actively modulate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Erik Mortensen , Jan Petrs , Alexander Dittrich , Dario Floreano

Multi-legged robots offer enhanced stability to navigate complex terrains with their multiple legs interacting with the environment. However, how to effectively coordinate the multiple legs in a larger action exploration space to generate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Xin Liu , Jinze Wu , Yinghui Li , Chenkun Qi , Yufei Xue , Feng Gao

Designing control policies for legged locomotion is complex due to the under-actuated and non-continuous robot dynamics. Model-free reinforcement learning provides promising tools to tackle this challenge. However, a major bottleneck of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Tsung-Yen Yang , Tingnan Zhang , Linda Luu , Sehoon Ha , Jie Tan , Wenhao Yu

Wheeled robots are highly efficient in human living environments. However, conventional wheeled designs, with their limited degrees of freedom and constraints in robot configuration, struggle to simultaneously achieve stability,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Ziqi Zhao , Peijia Xie , Max Q. -H. Meng

Endowing robots with the ability to rearrange various large and heavy objects, such as furniture, can substantially alleviate human workload. However, this task is extremely challenging due to the need to interact with diverse objects and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Zhihai Bi , Yushan Zhang , Kai Chen , Guoyang Zhao , Yulin Li , Jun Ma

Legged robots have the potential to leverage obstacles to climb steep sand slopes. However, efficiently repositioning these obstacles to desired locations is challenging. Here we present DiffusiveGRAIN, a learning-based method that enables…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Haodi Hu , Yue Wu , Feifei Qian , Daniel Seita

This paper introduces a new wheel-legged robot and develops motion controllers based on central pattern generators (CPGs) for the robot to navigate over a range of terrains. A transformable leg-wheel design is considered and characterized…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Tyler Bishop , Keran Ye , Konstantinos Karydis

Recent advances of locomotion controllers utilizing deep reinforcement learning (RL) have yielded impressive results in terms of achieving rapid and robust locomotion across challenging terrain, such as rugged rocks, non-rigid ground, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Zifan Xu , Amir Hossain Raj , Xuesu Xiao , Peter Stone

Learning to manipulate objects efficiently, particularly those involving sustained contact (e.g., pushing, sliding) and articulated parts (e.g., drawers, doors), presents significant challenges. Traditional methods, such as robot-centric…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Shijie Fang , Wenchang Gao , Shivam Goel , Christopher Thierauf , Matthias Scheutz , Jivko Sinapov
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