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Continuous normalizing flows (CNFs) are an attractive generative modeling technique, but they have been held back by limitations in their simulation-based maximum likelihood training. We introduce the generalized conditional flow matching…

Conditional Flow Matching (CFM), a simulation-free method for training continuous normalizing flows, provides an efficient alternative to diffusion models for key tasks like image and video generation. The performance of CFM in solving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Aram Davtyan , Leello Tadesse Dadi , Volkan Cevher , Paolo Favaro

Conditional flow matching (CFM) stands out as an efficient, simulation-free approach for training flow-based generative models, achieving remarkable performance for data generation. However, CFM is insufficient to ensure accuracy in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yuhao Huang , Taos Transue , Shih-Hsin Wang , William Feldman , Hong Zhang , Bao Wang

Flow matching (FM) is a family of training algorithms for fitting continuous normalizing flows (CNFs). Conditional flow matching (CFM) exploits the fact that the marginal vector field of a CNF can be learned by fitting least-squares…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-04 Ganchao Wei , Li Ma

Forecasting conditional stochastic nonlinear dynamical systems is a fundamental challenge repeatedly encountered across the biological and physical sciences. While flow-based models can impressively predict the temporal evolution of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Adam P. Generale , Andreas E. Robertson , Surya R. Kalidindi

We introduce a new paradigm for generative modeling built on Continuous Normalizing Flows (CNFs), allowing us to train CNFs at unprecedented scale. Specifically, we present the notion of Flow Matching (FM), a simulation-free approach for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Yaron Lipman , Ricky T. Q. Chen , Heli Ben-Hamu , Maximilian Nickel , Matt Le

We reformulate Optimal Transport Conditional Flow Matching (OT-CFM), a class of dynamical generative models, showing that it admits an exact proximal formulation via an extended Brenier potential, without assuming that the target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Kenji Fukumizu , Wei Huang , Han Bao , Shuntuo Xu , Nisha Chandramoorthy

Continuous normalizing flows (CNFs) can model data distributions with expressive infinite-length architectures. But this modeling involves computationally expensive process of solving an ordinary differential equation (ODE) during maximum…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Denis Gudovskiy , Tomoyuki Okuno , Yohei Nakata

Generative models excel at synthesizing high-fidelity samples from complex data distributions, but they often violate hard constraints arising from physical laws or task specifications. A common remedy is to project intermediate samples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jinhao Liang , Yixuan Sun , Anirban Samaddar , Sandeep Madireddy , Ferdinando Fioretto

Visually-guided acoustic highlighting seeks to rebalance audio in alignment with the accompanying video, creating a coherent audio-visual experience. While visual saliency and enhancement have been widely studied, acoustic highlighting…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-05 Hugo Malard , Gael Le Lan , Daniel Wong , David Lou Alon , Yi-Chiao Wu , Sanjeel Parekh

High-fidelity modeling of turbulent flows requires capturing complex spatiotemporal dynamics and multi-scale intermittency, posing a fundamental challenge for traditional knowledge-based systems. While deep generative models, such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Li Kunpeng , Wan Chenguang , Qu Zhisong , Lim Kyungtak , Virginie Grandgirard , Xavier Garbet , Yu Hua , Ong Yew Soon

Flow matching models have shown great potential in image generation tasks among probabilistic generative models. However, most flow matching models in the literature do not explicitly utilize the underlying clustering structure in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Anirban Samaddar , Yixuan Sun , Viktor Nilsson , Sandeep Madireddy

We introduce COT-FM, a general framework that reshapes the probability path in Flow Matching (FM) to achieve faster and more reliable generation. FM models often produce curved trajectories due to random or batchwise couplings, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Chiensheng Chiang , Kuan-Hsun Tu , Jia-Wei Liao , Cheng-Fu Chou , Tsung-Wei Ke

Existing generative models for time series forecasting often transform simple priors (typically Gaussian) into complex data distributions. However, their sampling initialization, independent of historical data, hinders the capture of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Huibo Xu , Runlong Yu , Likang Wu , Xianquan Wang , Qi Liu

Flow Matching (FM) generative models offer efficient simulation-free training and deterministic sampling, but their practical deployment is challenged by high-precision parameter requirements. We adapt optimal transport (OT)-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Dara Varam , Diaa A. Abuhani , Imran Zualkernan , Raghad AlDamani , Lujain Khalil

The goal of this paper is to provide a new perspective on speech modeling by incorporating perceptual invariances such as amplitude scaling and temporal shifts. Conventional generative formulations often treat each dataset sample as a fixed…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-24 Doyeop Kwak , Youngjoon Jang , Joon Son Chung

We present a formulation of flow matching as variational inference, which we refer to as variational flow matching (VFM). Based on this formulation we develop CatFlow, a flow matching method for categorical data. CatFlow is easy to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Floor Eijkelboom , Grigory Bartosh , Christian Andersson Naesseth , Max Welling , Jan-Willem van de Meent

As a powerful technique in generative modeling, Flow Matching (FM) aims to learn velocity fields from noise to data, which is often explained and implemented as solving Optimal Transport (OT) problems. In this study, we bridge FM and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Angxiao Yue , Anqi Dong , Hongteng Xu

Digital twins (DTs) rely on continuous synchronization between physical systems and their virtual counterparts through online parameter estimation under uncertainty. In many practical settings, however, this task is challenged by low…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yasar Yanik , Himadri Basu , Ricardo G. Sanfelice , Daniele Venturi

Trajectory prediction and generation are crucial for autonomous robots in dynamic environments. While prior research has typically focused on either prediction or generation, our approach unifies these tasks to provide a versatile framework…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Sean Ye , Matthew Gombolay
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