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We consider the problem of choosing design parameters to minimize the probability of an undesired rare event that is described through the average of $n$ iid random variables. Since the probability of interest for near optimal design…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-02-22 Amarjit Budhiraja , Shu Lu , Yang Yu , Quoc Tran-Dinh

We characterize bifurcation values of polynomial functions by using the theory of perverse sheaves and their vanishing cycles. In particular, by introducing a method to compute the jumps of the Euler characteristics with compact support of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-03-13 Kiyoshi Takeuchi

We give a new characterization of the space of functions of bounded variation in terms of a pointwise inequality connected to the maximal function of a measure. The characterization is new even in Euclidean spaces and it holds also in…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2013-06-26 Panu Lahti , Heli Tuominen

This manuscript includes some classical results we select apart from the new results we've found on the Analysis of Boolean Functions and Fourier-Entropy-Influence conjecture. We try to ensure the self-completeness of this work so that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-11-21 Xiao Han

We provide a lower bound on the probability that a binomial random variable is exceeding its mean. Our proof employs estimates on the mean absolute deviation and the tail conditional expectation of binomial random variables.

Probability · Mathematics 2016-04-22 Christos Pelekis , Jan Ramon

We develop a new paradigm for finding bifurcations of solutions of nonlinear problems, which is based on the detection of extreme values of new type of variational functional associated with the considering problem. The variational…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-11-11 Yavdat Il'yasov , Alexsandr Ivanov

We report the existence of exceptional points for the hydrogen atom in crossed magnetic and electric fields in numerical calculations. The resonances of the system are investigated and it is shown how exceptional points can be found by…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2007-10-30 Holger Cartarius , Jörg Main , Günter Wunner

The winding number is a concept in complex analysis which has, in the presence of chiral symmetry, a physics interpretation as the topological index belonging to gapped phases of fermions. We study statistical properties of this topological…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-02-13 Petr Braun , Nico Hahn , Daniel Waltner , Omri Gat , Thomas Guhr

We prove a unified and general criterion for the uniqueness of critical points of a functional in the presence of constraints such as positivity, boundedness, or fixed mass. Our method relies on convexity properties along suitable paths and…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-07-20 Denis Bonheure , Juraj Földes , Ederson Moreira dos Santos , Alberto Saldaña , Hugo Tavares

We perform certain alternating binomial summations with parameters that occur in the analysis of algorithms. A combination of integral and special function and special number representations is used. The results are sufficiently general to…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mark W. Coffey

Edgeworth-type expansions for convolutions of probability densities and powers of the characteristic functions with non-uniform error terms are established for i.i.d. random variables with finite (fractional) moments of order $s \geq 2$,…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-04-20 S. G. Bobkov , G. P. Chistyakov , F. Götze

Much of interesting complex biological behaviour arises from collective properties. Important information about collective behaviour lies in the time and space structure of fluctuations around average properties, and two-point correlation…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-02-17 Tomás S. Grigera

An inequality for the variance of an additive function defined on random decomposable structures, called assemblies, is established. The result generalizes estimates obtained earlier in the cases of permutations and mappings of a finite set…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-16 Eugenijus Manstavicius , Vytautas Stepas

This note includes an assessment of the partially overlapping samples t-tests in scenarios where elements of the test are at their extremes, including where only one sample contains independent observations

Methodology · Statistics 2019-06-05 Ben Derrick , Deirdre Toher , Paul White

The characteristic function of row contractions and liftings of row contractions are complete invariants up to unitary equivalence for row contractions and liftings of row contractions, respectively. We provide alternate proofs for these…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2023-02-01 Neeru Bala , Santanu Dey , Reshmi M. N

Exceptional points associated with non-hermitian operators, i.e. operators being non-hermitian for real parameter values, are investigated. The specific characteristics of the eigenfunctions at the exceptional point are worked out. Within…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 W. D. Heiss

We show global uniqueness of the solution to a class of constrained variational problems, using scaling properties. This is used to establish the essential uniqueness of solutions of a large deviations problem in multiple dimensions. The…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-11-15 Adam Shwartz , Alan Weiss

We propose threshold diffusion processes as unique solutions to stochastic differential equations with step-function coefficients, and obtain explicit expressions for the conditional Laplace transform of the hitting times and the potential…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-08-26 Lina Ji , Chuyang Li , Xiaowen Zhou

Planar functions are special functions from a finite field to itself that give rise to finite projective planes and other combinatorial objects. We consider polynomials over a finite field $K$ that induce planar functions on infinitely many…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-03-18 Florian Caullery , Kai-Uwe Schmidt , Yue Zhou

We prove that a functional with Lipschitzian derivative, when restricted to suitable spheres centered at a noncritical point, has a unique maximum.

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Biagio Ricceri