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Embedded systems represent a billionaire market and are present in most of the processors produced in the world.Embedded software interacts with external peripherals such as sensors and actuators through drivers. The strong interaction…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Sara C. M. Souza , Rogerio Atem de Carvalho

Autonomous driving systems (ADS) are safety-critical and require rigorous testing before public deployment. Simulation-based scenario testing provides a safe and cost-effective alternative to extensive on-road trials, enabling efficient…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Siyuan Chen , Fuyuan Zhang , Hua Qi , Lei Ma , Tomoyuki Tsuchiya , Michio Hayashi , Manabu Okada

Autonomous Vehicle (AV) technology is advancing rapidly, promising a significant shift in road transportation safety and potentially resolving various complex transportation issues. With the increasing deployment of AVs by various…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Ahmed Abdelrahman

Simulation systems have become an essential component in the development and validation of autonomous driving technologies. The prevailing state-of-the-art approach for simulation is to use game engines or high-fidelity computer graphics…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Wei Li , Chengwei Pan , Rong Zhang , Jiaping Ren , Yuexin Ma , Jin Fang , Feilong Yan , Qichuan Geng , Xinyu Huang , Huajun Gong , Weiwei Xu , Guoping Wang , Dinesh Manocha , Ruigang Yang

In the vehicular mixed reality (MR) Metaverse, the distance between physical and virtual entities can be overcome by fusing the physical and virtual environments with multi-dimensional communications in autonomous driving systems. Assisted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Minrui Xu , Dusit Niyato , Junlong Chen , Hongliang Zhang , Jiawen Kang , Zehui Xiong , Shiwen Mao , Zhu Han

Driving simulation plays a crucial role in developing reliable driving agents by providing controlled, evaluative environments. To enable meaningful assessments, a high-quality driving simulator must satisfy several key requirements:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Junzhe Jiang , Nan Song , Jingyu Li , Xiatian Zhu , Li Zhang

Robots have become ubiquitous tools in various industries and households, highlighting the importance of human-robot interaction (HRI). This has increased the need for easy and accessible communication between humans and robots. Recent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Ahmad Amine , Mostafa Aldilati , Hadi Hasan , Noel Maalouf , Imad H. Elhajj

As automated vehicles (AVs) become increasingly popular, the question arises as to how cyclists will interact with such vehicles. This study investigated (1) whether cyclists spontaneously notice if a vehicle is driverless, (2) how well…

Digital twins (DTs), which are virtual environments that simulate, predict, and optimize the performance of their physical counterparts, hold great promise in revolutionizing next-generation wireless networks. While DTs have been…

In this study, we investigated the effectiveness and user acceptance of three external interaction modalities (i.e., visual, auditory, and visual+auditory) in promoting communications between automated vehicle systems (AVS) and pedestrians…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Sue Bai , Dakota Drake Legge , Ashley Young , Shan Bao , Feng Zhou

Traffic incidents involving vulnerable road users (VRUs) constitute a significant proportion of global road accidents. Advances in traffic communication ecosystems, coupled with sophisticated signal processing and machine learning…

Human-driven vehicles (HVs) amplify naturally occurring perturbations in traffic, leading to congestion--a major contributor to increased fuel consumption, higher collision risks, and reduced road capacity utilization. While previous…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Bibek Poudel , Weizi Li , Kevin Heaslip

Closed-loop evaluation is increasingly critical for end-to-end autonomous driving. Current closed-loop benchmarks using the CARLA simulator rely on manually configured traffic scenarios, which can diverge from real-world conditions,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Haibao Yu , Wenxian Yang , Ruiyang Hao , Chuanye Wang , Jiaru Zhong , Ping Luo , Zaiqing Nie

The safety of Automated Vehicles (AVs) must be assured before their release and deployment. The current approach to evaluation relies primarily on (i) testing AVs on public roads or (ii) track testing with scenarios defined in a test…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-02-21 Ding Zhao , Xianan Huang , Huei Peng , Henry Lam , David J. LeBlanc

Automated Driving Systems (ADSs) have seen rapid progress in recent years. To ensure the safety and reliability of these systems, extensive testings are being conducted before their future mass deployment. Testing the system on the road is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Ziyuan Zhong , Yun Tang , Yuan Zhou , Vania de Oliveira Neves , Yang Liu , Baishakhi Ray

Understanding how people view and interact with autonomous vehicles is important to guide future directions of research. One such way of aiding understanding is through simulations of virtual environments involving people and autonomous…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-08-27 John Charlton , Luis Rene Montana Gonzalez , Steve Maddock , Paul Richmond

Simulation is an indispensable tool in the development and testing of autonomous vehicles (AVs), offering an efficient and safe alternative to road testing. An outstanding challenge with simulation-based testing is the generation of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Peide Huang , Wenhao Ding , Benjamin Stoler , Jonathan Francis , Bingqing Chen , Ding Zhao

Generating safety-critical scenarios in high-fidelity simulations offers a promising and cost-effective approach for efficient testing of autonomous vehicles. Existing methods typically rely on manipulating a single vehicle's trajectory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Jiawei Wang , Xintao Yan , Yao Mu , Haowei Sun , Zhong Cao , Henry X. Liu

Software-in-the-loop (SIL) simulation is a widely used method for the rapid development and testing of autonomous vehicles because of its flexibility and efficiency. This paper presents a case study on the validation of an in-house…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Zhennan Fei , Mikael Andersson , Andreas Tingberg

In near future, vulnerable road users (VRUs) such as cyclists and pedestrians will be equipped with smart devices and wearables which are capable to communicate with intelligent vehicles and other traffic participants. Road users are then…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-15 Maarten Bieshaar , Malte Depping , Jan Schneegans , Bernhard Sick
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