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Radio Frequency (RF) device fingerprinting has been recognized as a potential technology for enabling automated wireless device identification and classification. However, it faces a key challenge due to the domain shift that could arise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Jun Chen , Weng-Keen Wong , Bechir Hamdaoui

Deep learning methods are highly accurate, yet their opaque decision process prevents them from earning full human trust. Concept-based models aim to address this issue by learning tasks based on a set of human-understandable concepts.…

As the discipline has evolved, research in machine learning has been focused more and more on creating more powerful neural networks, without regard for the interpretability of these networks. Such "black-box models" yield state-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Lachlan O'Neill , Simon Angus , Satya Borgohain , Nader Chmait , David L. Dowe

In the past as well as present wireless communication systems, the wireless propagation environment is regarded as an uncontrollable black box that impairs the received signal quality, and its negative impacts are compensated for by relying…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-14 Cunhua Pan , Gui Zhou , Kangda Zhi , Sheng Hong , Tuo Wu , Yijin Pan , Hong Ren , Marco Di Renzo , A. Lee Swindlehurst , Rui Zhang , Angela Yingjun Zhang

Radio frequency (RF)-based indoor localization offers significant promise for applications such as indoor navigation, augmented reality, and pervasive computing. While deep learning has greatly enhanced localization accuracy and robustness,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Guosheng Wang , Shen Wang , Lei Yang

Recent work has shown the promise of applying deep learning to enhance software processing of radio frequency (RF) signals. In parallel, hardware developments with quantum RF sensors based on Rydberg atoms are breaking longstanding barriers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-24 Pranav Gokhale , Caitlin Carnahan , William Clark , Teague Tomesh , Frederic T. Chong

Distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks threaten the availability of Internet of Things (IoT) infrastructures, particularly under resource-constrained deployment conditions. Although transfer learning models have shown promising…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Nelly Elsayed

We propose a result-level category-specific fusion architecture called ClassWise-CRF. This architecture employs a two-stage process: first, it selects expert networks that perform well in specific categories from a pool of candidate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Qinfeng Zhu , Yunxi Jiang , Lei Fan

In response to the rapid growth of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and rising security risks, Radio Frequency Fingerprint (RFF) has become key for device identification and authentication. However, various changing factors - beyond the RFF…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-19 Yezhuo Zhang , Zinan Zhou , Guangyu Li , Xuanpeng Li

The integration of communication, sensing, and wireless power transfer (WPT) is a cornerstone of 6G intelligent IoT. However, relying on traditional beamforming imposes prohibitive overheads due to complex channel state information (CSI)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-10 Yixuan Guo , Mingliang Xiong , Qingwen Liu

Transformer-based models have achieved strong performance in remote sensing image captioning by capturing long-range dependencies and contextual information. However, their practical deployment is hindered by high computational costs,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Swadhin Das , Divyansh Mundra , Priyanshu Dayal , Raksha Sharma

Rule-based models, e.g., decision trees, are widely used in scenarios demanding high model interpretability for their transparent inner structures and good model expressivity. However, rule-based models are hard to optimize, especially on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Zhuo Wang , Wei Zhang , Ning Liu , Jianyong Wang

Radio frequency fingerprint identification (RFFI) is a key technique for wireless network security, leveraging intrinsic hardware imperfections to enable transmitter identification. Although deep neural networks are effective at extracting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yuhao Pan , Xiucheng Wang , Fushuo Huo , Nan Cheng , Wenchao Xu

Direct-conversion radio (DCR) receivers can offer highly integrated low-cost hardware solutions for spectrum sensing in cognitive radio systems. However, DCR receivers are susceptible to radio frequency (RF) impairments, such as in-phase…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-10-23 Alexandros-Apostolos A. Boulogeorgos , Nestor D. Chatzidiamantis , George K. Karagiannidis

The lack of interpretability remains a barrier to the adoption of deep neural networks. Recently, tree regularization has been proposed to encourage deep neural networks to resemble compact, axis-aligned decision trees without significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Mike Wu , Sonali Parbhoo , Michael Hughes , Ryan Kindle , Leo Celi , Maurizio Zazzi , Volker Roth , Finale Doshi-Velez

Rule-based models, e.g., decision trees, are widely used in scenarios demanding high model interpretability for their transparent inner structures and good model expressivity. However, rule-based models are hard to optimize, especially on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Zhuo Wang , Wei Zhang , Ning Liu , Jianyong Wang

The growth of machine learning demands interpretable models for critical applications, yet most high-performing models are ``black-box'' systems that obscure input-output relationships, while traditional rule-based algorithms like RuleFit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Shyam Sundar Murali Krishnan , Dean Frederick Hougen

For ultra-wideband and high-rate wireless communication systems, wideband spectrum sensing (WSS) is critical, since it empowers secondary users (SUs) to capture the spectrum holes for opportunistic transmission. However, WSS encounters…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Jibin Jia , Peihao Dong , Fuhui Zhou , Qihui Wu

Deep neural networks learn fragile "shortcut" features, rendering them difficult to interpret (black box) and vulnerable to adversarial attacks. This paper proposes semantic features as a general architectural solution to this problem. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Maciej Satkiewicz

The time series classification literature has expanded rapidly over the last decade, with many new classification approaches published each year. Prior research has mostly focused on improving the accuracy and efficiency of classifiers,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-03 Thach Le Nguyen , Severin Gsponer , Iulia Ilie , Martin O'Reilly , Georgiana Ifrim