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While scaling laws have been continuously validated in large language models (LLMs) with increasing model parameters, the inherent tension between the inference demands of LLMs and the limited resources of edge devices poses a critical…

Micro-Expression Recognition (MER) is a challenging task as the subtle changes occur over different action regions of a face. Changes in facial action regions are formed as Action Units (AUs), and AUs in micro-expressions can be seen as the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Ling Zhou , Qirong Mao , Ming Dong

Accurate classification of autonomous vehicle (AV) driving behaviors is critical for safety validation, performance diagnosis, and traffic integration analysis. However, existing approaches primarily rely on numerical time-series modeling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Xiangyu Li , Tianyi Wang , Xi Cheng , Rakesh Chowdary Machineni , Zhaomiao Guo , Sikai Chen , Junfeng Jiao , Christian Claudel

Technological advancements in web platforms allow people to express and share emotions towards textual write-ups written and shared by others. This brings about different interesting domains for analysis; emotion expressed by the writer and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Anoop Kadan , Deepak P. , Manjary P. Gangan , Savitha Sam Abraham , Lajish V. L

Action Unit (AU) Detection is the branch of affective computing that aims at recognizing unitary facial muscular movements. It is key to unlock unbiased computational face representations and has therefore aroused great interest in the past…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Gauthier Tallec , Edouard Yvinec , Arnaud Dapogny , Kevin Bailly

Facial Expression Recognition (FER) is a critical task within computer vision with diverse applications across various domains. Addressing the challenge of limited FER datasets, which hampers the generalization capability of expression…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Bach Nguyen-Xuan , Thien Nguyen-Hoang , Thanh-Huy Nguyen , Nhu Tai-Do

Human affective behavior analysis plays a vital role in human-computer interaction (HCI) systems. In this paper, we introduce our submission to the CVPR 2023 Competition on Affective Behavior Analysis in-the-wild (ABAW). We propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Jun Yu , Renda Li , Zhongpeng Cai , Gongpeng Zhao , Guochen Xie , Jichao Zhu , Wangyuan Zhu

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable performance on objective multimodal perception tasks, but their ability to interpret subjective, emotionally nuanced multimodal content remains largely unexplored. Thus, it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Qu Yang , Mang Ye , Bo Du

Affective Computing (AC) is essential in bridging the gap between human emotional experiences and machine understanding. Traditionally, AC tasks in natural language processing (NLP) have been approached through pipeline architectures, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Wenna Lai , Haoran Xie , Guandong Xu , Qing Li , S. Joe Qin

Micro-expression recognition is vital for affective computing but remains challenging due to the extremely brief, low-intensity facial motions involved and the high-dimensional nature of 4D mesh data. To address these challenges, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Luu Tu Nguyen , Thi Bich Phuong Man , Vu Tram Anh Khuong , Thanh Ha Le , Thi Duyen Ngo

Speech emotion recognition (SER) is an important technology in human-computer interaction. However, achieving high performance is challenging due to emotional complexity and scarce annotated data. To tackle these challenges, we propose a…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Cong Wang , Yizhong Geng , Yuhua Wen , Qifei Li , Yingming Gao , Ruimin Wang , Chunfeng Wang , Hao Li , Ya Li , Wei Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse applications, yet their deployment remains challenging due to substantial computational costs, memory requirements, and energy consumption. Recent empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Kaito Tanaka , Masato Ito , Yuji Nishimura , Keisuke Matsuda , Aya Nakayama

Large language models (LLMs) and their variants have shown extraordinary efficacy across numerous downstream natural language processing (NLP) tasks, which has presented a new vision for the development of NLP. Despite their remarkable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Yazhou Zhang , Mengyao Wang , Youxi Wu , Prayag Tiwari , Qiuchi Li , Benyou Wang , Jing Qin

People naturally understand emotions, thus permitting a machine to do the same could open new paths for human-computer interaction. Facial expressions can be very useful for emotion recognition techniques, as these are the biggest…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Pietro B. S. Masur , Willams Costa , Lucas S. Figueredo , Veronica Teichrieb

Dynamic Facial Expression Recognition(DFER) is a rapidly evolving field of research that focuses on the recognition of time-series facial expressions. While previous research on DFER has concentrated on feature learning from a deep learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Feng Liu , Lingna Gu , Chen Shi , Xiaolan Fu

Micro-Expression (ME) is the spontaneous, involuntary movement of a face that can reveal the true feeling. Recently, increasing researches have paid attention to this field combing deep learning techniques. Action units (AUs) are the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Ling Lo , Hong-Xia Xie , Hong-Han Shuai , Wen-Huang Cheng

Existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) increasingly emphasize complex understanding of various visual elements, including multiple objects, text information, and spatial relations. Their development for comprehensive visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Xiaotong Li , Fan Zhang , Haiwen Diao , Yueze Wang , Xinlong Wang , Ling-Yu Duan

Compound Expression Recognition (CER) is crucial for understanding human emotions and improving human-computer interaction. However, CER faces challenges due to the complexity of facial expressions and the difficulty of capturing subtle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Jun Yu , Xilong Lu

The Facial Action Coding System (FACS) encodes the action units (AUs) in facial images, which has attracted extensive research attention due to its wide use in facial expression analysis. Many methods that perform well on automatic facial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Xuri Ge , Joemon M. Jose , Songpei Xu , Xiao Liu , Hu Han

Recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have created new opportunities for facial expression recognition (FER), moving it beyond pure label prediction toward reasoning-based affect understanding. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Shifeng Liu , Zhengye Zhang , Sirui Zhao , Xinglong Mao , Zhehan Kan , Zhixiang Wei , Shiwei Wu , Chaoyou Fu , Tong Xu , Enhong Chen