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The 21-cm forest, comprising narrow absorption features imprinted on the radio spectra of high-redshift radio-loud quasars by intervening neutral hydrogen, offers a uniquely sensitive probe of the thermal state of the neutral intergalactic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-25 Sameer K. Patil , Tomáš Šoltinský , Soumak Maitra , Girish Kulkarni

Precision cosmology requires accurate galaxy redshifts, but next generation optical surveys will observe unprecedented numbers of resolved galaxies, placing strain on the amount of spectroscopic follow-up required. We show how useful…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-07 Steven Cunnington , Ian Harrison , Alkistis Pourtsidou , David Bacon

We present a new method for inferring photometric redshifts in deep galaxy and quasar surveys, based on a data driven model of latent spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and a physical model of photometric fluxes as a function of redshift.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-29 Boris Leistedt , David W. Hogg

The cross-correlation between 21-cm intensity mapping experiments and photometric surveys of galaxies (or any other cosmological tracer with a broad radial kernel) is severely degraded by the loss of long-wavelength radial modes due to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-19 Caroline Guandalin , Isabella P. Carucci , David Alonso , Kavilan Moodley

Efforts are underway to measure the global 21 cm signal from neutral hydrogen, which is a powerful probe of the early universe, using NASA radio telescopes on the far side of the Moon. Physics-based models of the signal are computationally…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-03 J. Dorigo Jones , J. O. Burns , D. Rapetti , Shah Mohammad Bahauddin , B. Reyes , D. W. Barker

The redshifted 21cm signal from the post-reionization epoch is highly non-Gaussian; thus, higher-order statistics, such as the bispectrum, are required to extract this non-Gaussian information. However, high-signal-to-noise ratio detection…

Exploiting the full statistical power of future cosmic shear surveys will necessitate improvements to the accuracy with which the gravitational lensing signal is measured. We present a framework for calibrating shear with image simulations…

21cm emission from residual neutral hydrogen after the epoch of reionization can be used to trace the cosmological power spectrum of density fluctuations. Using a Fisher matrix formulation, we provide a detailed forecast of the constraints…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Eli Visbal , Abraham Loeb , Stuart Wyithe

The cosmic 21-cm line of hydrogen is expected to be measured in detail by the next generation of radio telescopes. The enormous dataset from future 21-cm surveys will revolutionize our understanding of early cosmic times. We present a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-11 Sudipta Sikder , Rennan Barkana , Itamar Reis , Anastasia Fialkov

Strong lensing has developed into an important astrophysical tool for probing both cosmology and galaxies (their structures, formations, and evolutions). Now several hundreds of strong lens systems produced by massive galaxies have been…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Shuo Cao , Zong-Hong Zhu

As an increasing amount of image and video content will be analyzed by machines, there is demand for a new codec paradigm that is capable of compressing visual input primarily for the purpose of computer vision inference, while secondarily…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-12 Ezgi Ozyilkan , Mateen Ulhaq , Hyomin Choi , Fabien Racape

Powerful current and future cosmological constraints using high precision measurements of the large-scale structure of galaxies and its weak gravitational lensing effects rely on accurate characterization of the redshift distributions of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-05 Carles Sánchez , Gary M. Bernstein

One of the most promising ways to observe the Universe is by detecting the 21cm emission from cosmic neutral hydrogen (HI) through radio-telescopes. Those observations can shed light on fundamental astrophysical questions only if accurate…

We present a new machine learning model for estimating photometric redshifts with improved accuracy for galaxies in Pan-STARRS1 data release 1. Depending on the estimation range of redshifts, this model based on neural networks can handle…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-09 Joongoo Lee , Min-Su Shin

At high redshift, due to both observational limitations and the variety of galaxy morphologies in the early universe, measuring galaxy structure can be challenging. Non-parametric measurements such as the CAS system have thus become an…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-09-08 C. Tohill , L. Ferreira , C. J. Conselice , S. P. Bamford , F. Ferrari

The long wavelength modes lost to bright foregrounds in the interferometric 21-cm surveys can partially be recovered using a forward modeling approach that exploits the non-linear coupling between small and large scales induced by…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-27 Chirag Modi , Martin White , Emanuele Castorina , Anže Slosar

The goal of this work is to compute the number density of far-IR selected galaxies in the comoving frame and along the past lightcone of observationally constrained LTB models and to compare those results with their standard model…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-03-11 A. Iribarrem , P. Andreani , S. February , C. Gruppioni , A. R. Lopes , M. B. Ribeiro , W. R. Stoeger

LiDAR-based place recognition serves as a crucial enabler for long-term autonomy in robotics and autonomous driving systems. Yet, prevailing methodologies relying on handcrafted feature extraction face dual challenges: (1) Inconsistent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Xiaohui Jiang , Haijiang Zhu , Chade Li , Fulin Tang , Ning An

As weak lensing surveys go deeper, there is an increasing need for reliable characterization of non-Gaussian structures at small angular scales. Here we present the first cosmological constraints with weak lensing scattering transform, a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-12 Sihao Cheng , Gabriela A. Marques , Daniela Grandón , Leander Thiele , Masato Shirasaki , Brice Ménard , Jia Liu

We propose a novel approach for preserving topological structures of the input space in latent representations of autoencoders. Using persistent homology, a technique from topological data analysis, we calculate topological signatures of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Michael Moor , Max Horn , Bastian Rieck , Karsten Borgwardt