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Cell-free massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) is a key enabler for the sixth generation (6G) of mobile networks, offering significant spectral and energy efficiency gains through user-centric operation of distributed access points…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-30 Özlem Tuğfe Demir , Emil Björnson

Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), with a large number of distributed access points (APs) that jointly serve the user equipments (UEs), is a promising network architecture for future wireless communications. To reduce…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-09-12 Jiayi Zhang , Yinghua Wei , Emil Björnson , Yu Han , Xu Li

Cell-Free massive MIMO networks provide huge power gains and resolve inter-cell interference by coherent processing over a massive number of distributed instead of co-located antennas in access points (APs). Cost-efficient hardware is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-23 Yibo Wu , Luca Sanguinetti , Ulf Gustavsson , Alexandre Graell i Amat , Henk Wymeersch

Cell-free massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) enhances spectral and energy efficiency compared to conventional cellular networks by enabling joint transmission and reception across a large number of distributed access points…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-10 Özlem Tuğfe Demir , Emil Björnson

We study the impact of hardware impairments at the base station (BS) of an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)-based massive multiuser (MU) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) uplink system. We leverage Bussgang's theorem to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-07-18 Sven Jacobsson , Ulf Gustavsson , Giuseppe Durisi , Christoph Studer

Cell-free massive MIMO has matured into a key candidate technology for 6G and beyond, owing to its ability to provide nearly uniform service quality to many user equipments (UEs) over the same time-frequency resources. Unlike conventional…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-25 Özlem Tuğfe Demir , Salih Gümüşbuğa

Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) networks enhance coverage and spectral efficiency (SE) by distributing antennas across access points (APs) with phase coherence between APs. However, the use of cost-efficient local…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-26 Yibo Wu , Luca Sanguinetti , Musa Furkan Keskin , Ulf Gustavsson , Alexandre Graell i Amat , Henk Wymeersch

In the uplink of a cell-free massive MIMO system, quantization affects performance in two key domains: the time-domain distortion introduced by finite-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) at the access points (APs), and the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-13 Özlem Tuğfe Demir , Emil Björnson

Cell-free Massive MIMO is considered as a promising technology for satisfying the increasing number of users and high rate expectations in beyond-5G networks. The key idea is to let many distributed access points (APs) communicate with all…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-09-19 Emil Björnson , Luca Sanguinetti

High-speed train (HST) communications with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) techniques have received significant attention in recent years. Besides, cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is considered…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Jiakang Zheng , Jiayi Zhang , Enyu Shi , Jing Jiang , Bo Ai

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems have attracted much attention lately due to the many advantages they provide over single-antenna systems. Owing to the many antennas, low-cost implementation and low power consumption…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Ali Bulut Üçüncü , Emil Björnson , Håkan Johansson , Erik G. Larsson , Ali Özgür Yılmaz

Analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) stand for a significant part of the total power consumption in a massive MIMO base station. One-bit ADCs are one way to reduce power consumption. This paper presents an analysis of the spectral efficiency…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-09-15 Christopher Mollén , Junil Choi , Erik G. Larsson , Robert W. Heath

Cell-Free Massive Multiple-input Multiple-output (mMIMO) consists of many access points (APs) in a coverage area that jointly serve the users. These systems can significantly reduce the interference among the users compared to conventional…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Abbas Khalili , Alexei Ashikhmin , Hong Yang

A Cell-Free Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) system comprises a very large number of distributed access points (APs)which simultaneously serve a much smaller number of users over the same time/frequency resources based on…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-01-18 Hien Quoc Ngo , Alexei Ashikhmin , Hong Yang , Erik G. Larsson , Thomas L. Marzetta

Cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems show great potentials in low-mobility scenarios, due to cell boundary disappearance and strong macro diversity. However, the great Doppler frequency offset (DFO) leads to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Jiakang Zheng , Jiayi Zhang , Emil Björnson , Zhetao Li , Bo Ai

Distributed massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) combines the array gain of coherent MIMO processing with the proximity gains of distributed antenna setups. In this paper, we analyze how transceiver hardware impairments affect the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-04 Emil Björnson , Michail Matthaiou , Antonios Pitarokoilis , Erik G. Larsson

Hardware imperfections can significantly reduce the performance of full-duplex wireless systems by introducing non-idealities and random effects that make it challenging to fully suppress self-interference. Previous research has mostly…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-12-16 Alexios Balatsoukas-Stimming , Andrew Charles Mallory Austin , Pavle Belanovic , Andreas Burg

Cell-free massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) has recently gained a lot of attention due to its high potential in sixth-generation (6G) wireless systems. The goal of this paper is to first present a unified modeling for massive MIMO,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Wei Jiang , Hans D. Schotten

Integrating cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) with simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs) can provide ubiquitous connectivity and enhance coverage. This paper explores…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Jun Qian , Ross Murch , Khaled B. Letaief

Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) is foreseen to be one of the main technology components in next generation cellular communications (5G). In this paper, fundamental limits on the performance of downlink massive MIMO systems are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-01-20 Fredrik Athley , Giuseppe Durisi , Ulf Gustavsson
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