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Large Language Models are expanding beyond being a tool humans use and into independent agents that can observe an environment, reason about solutions to problems, make changes that impact those environments, and understand how their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Tailia Malloy , Tegawende F. Bissyande

While safety-aligned large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as the cornerstone for powerful systems such as multi-agent frameworks to solve complex real-world problems, they still suffer from potential adversarial queries, such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Miao Yu , Junfeng Fang , Yingjie Zhou , Xing Fan , Kun Wang , Shirui Pan , Qingsong Wen

Social media platforms frequently impose restrictive policies to moderate user content, prompting the emergence of creative evasion language strategies. This paper presents a multi-agent framework based on Large Language Models (LLMs) to…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Jinyu Cai , Yusei Ishimizu , Mingyue Zhang , Munan Li , Jialong Li , Kenji Tei

Over the years, online scams have grown dramatically, with nearly 50% of global consumers encountering scam attempts each week. These scams cause not only significant financial losses to individuals and businesses, but also lasting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Shang Ma , Tianyi Ma , Jiahao Liu , Wei Song , Zhenkai Liang , Xusheng Xiao , Yanfang Ye

The increasing sophistication of cyber threats necessitates innovative approaches to cybersecurity. In this paper, we explore the potential of psychological profiling techniques, particularly focusing on the utilization of Large Language…

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized our comprehension of intelligence bringing us closer to Artificial Intelligence. Since their introduction, researchers have actively explored the applications of LLMs across…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Farzad Nourmohammadzadeh Motlagh , Mehrdad Hajizadeh , Mehryar Majd , Pejman Najafi , Feng Cheng , Christoph Meinel

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in domains such as education, mental health and customer support, where stable and consistent personas are critical for reliability. Yet, existing studies focus on narrative or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Jivnesh Sandhan , Fei Cheng , Tushar Sandhan , Yugo Murawaki

Phishing and spam detection is long standing challenge that has been the subject of much academic research. Large Language Models (LLM) have vast potential to transform society and provide new and innovative approaches to solve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Suhaima Jamal , Hayden Wimmer

Large Language Models (LLMs) & Generative AI are transforming cybersecurity, enabling both advanced defenses and new attacks. Organizations now use LLMs for threat detection, code review, and DevSecOps automation, while adversaries leverage…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Kiarash Ahi , Vaibhav Agrawal , Saeed Valizadeh

The generalization capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to their widespread deployment across various applications. However, this increased adoption has introduced several security threats, notably in the forms of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Francesco Panebianco , Stefano Bonfanti , Francesco Trovò , Michele Carminati

Code metamorphism refers to a computer programming exercise wherein the program modifies its own code (partial or entire) consistently and automatically while retaining its core functionality. This technique is often used for online…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Pooria Madani

Phishing sites continue to grow in volume and sophistication. Recent work leverages large language models (LLMs) to analyze URLs, HTML, and rendered content to decide whether a website is a phishing site. While these approaches are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Takashi Koide , Hiroki Nakano , Daiki Chiba

The evolution of Generative AI and the capabilities of the newly released Large Language Models (LLMs) open new opportunities in software engineering. However, they also lead to new challenges in cybersecurity. Recently, researchers have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Mika Beckerich , Laura Plein , Sergio Coronado

Ensuring the security of large language models (LLMs) is an ongoing challenge despite their widespread popularity. Developers work to enhance LLMs security, but vulnerabilities persist, even in advanced versions like GPT-4. Attackers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Aysan Esmradi , Daniel Wankit Yip , Chun Fai Chan

Phishing attacks remain a significant threat to modern cybersecurity, as they successfully deceive both humans and the defense mechanisms intended to protect them. Traditional detection systems primarily focus on email metadata that users…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Even Eilertsen , Vasileios Mavroeidis , Gudmund Grov

The escalating sophistication of phishing emails necessitates a shift beyond traditional rule-based and conventional machine-learning-based detectors. Although large language models (LLMs) offer strong natural language understanding, using…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Abrar Hamed Al Barwani , Abdelaziz Amara Korba , Raja Waseem Anwar

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained widespread popularity across diverse domains involving text generation, summarization, and various natural language processing tasks. Despite their inherent limitations, LLM-based designs have shown…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Maria Rigaki , Ondřej Lukáš , Carlos A. Catania , Sebastian Garcia

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming cybersecurity by enabling intelligent, adaptive, and automated approaches to threat detection, vulnerability assessment, and incident response. With their advanced language understanding and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Niveen O. Jaffal , Mohammed Alkhanafseh , David Mohaisen

The rapid advancement of conversational agents, particularly chatbots powered by Large Language Models (LLMs), poses a significant risk of social engineering (SE) attacks on social media platforms. SE detection in multi-turn, chat-based…

Phishing attacks are a significant societal threat, disproportionately harming vulnerable populations and eroding trust in essential digital services. Current defenses are often reactive, failing against modern evasive tactics like cloaking…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Daiki Chiba , Hiroki Nakano , Takashi Koide