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We imaged Comet 252P/2000 G1 (LINEAR) (hereafter 252P) with the Hubble Space Telescope and both 252P and P/2016 BA$_{14}$ (PanSTARRS) (hereafter BA$_{14}$) with the Discovery Channel Telescope in March and April 2016, surrounding its close…

As an Oort Cloud object with a record small perihelion distance of 2.7 Rsun and discovered more than a year before its encounter with the Sun, comet C/2012 S1 is a subject of considerable scientific interest. Its activity along the orbit's…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Zdenek Sekanina , Rainer Kracht

We present the discovery and extensive follow-up of a remarkable fast-evolving optical transient, AT2022aedm, detected by the Asteroid Terrestrial impact Last Alert Survey (ATLAS). AT2022aedm exhibited a rise time of $9\pm1$ days in the…

Our current understanding of split, Jupiter-family comets is reviewed. The focus is on what recent studies of comets have told us about the nature of the splitting phenomenon. The goal is to not repeat the information given in recent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-07-29 Y. R. Fernandez

We estimated the rate of comet and asteroid collisions with the terrestrial planets by calculating the orbits of 13000 Jupiter-crossing objects (JCOs) and 1300 resonant asteroids and computing the probabilities of collisions based on…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. I. Ipatov , J. C. Mather

This comprehensive study of comet C/1995 O1 focuses first on investigating its orbital motion over a period of 17.6 yr (1993-2010). The comet is suggested to have approached Jupiter to 0.005 AU on -2251 November 7, in general conformity…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-12 Zdenek Sekanina , Rainer Kracht

Recent measurements carried out at comet 67P/C-G with the ${\it Rosetta}$ probe revealed that molecular oxygen, O$_2$, is the fourth most abundant molecule in comets. Models show that O$_2$ is likely of primordial nature, coming from the…

The Gaia space telescope has transformed our understanding of random stellar encounters with the Solar System. This study examines how such perturbations influence the most eccentric comets in the Oort Cloud (OC), a thermalized reservoir of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-20 Shahed Shayan Arani

OGLE-2002-BLG-360 was discovered as a microlensing candidate by the OGLE-III project. The subsequent light curve however clearly showed that the brightening of the object could not have resulted from the gravitational microlensing…

Comet P/2019 LD2 has orbital elements currently resembling those of a Jupiter Trojan, and therefore superficially appears to represent a unique opportunity to study the volatile content and active behavior of a member of this population for…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-02 Henry H. Hsieh , Alan Fitzsimmons , Bojan Novakovic , Larry Denneau , Aren N. Heinze

The Damocloids are a group of unusual asteroids, recently enrolling a new member of 2010 EJ104. The dynamical evolution for the Damocloids may uncover a connection passage from the Main Belt, the Kuiper Belt and the scattered disk beyond.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Su Wang , Haibin Zhao , Jianghui Ji , S. Jin , Y. Xia , H. Lu , M. Wang , J. S. Yao

Since 1950 when Oort published his paper on the structure of the cloud of comets it is believed that stars passing near this hypothetical cometary reservoir play an important role in the dynamical evolution of long period comets and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 Rita Wysoczańska , Piotr A. Dybczyński , Małgorzata Królikowska

C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS) is an Oort cloud comet with an orbital period of $\sim$5895$\,{\rm yr}$. Starting in March 2020, its nucleus underwent disintegration. In order to investigate the gas and dust properties of C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS) during its…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-01 Ruining Zhao , Aigen Li , Bin Yang , Liang Wang , Huijuan Wang , Yu-Juan Liu , Jifeng Liu

We report photometric observations of Comet 103P/Hartley 2 during its 2023 apparition. Our campaign, conducted from August through December 2023, combined data from a global network of citizen astronomers coordinated by Unistellar and the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-29 Ariel Graykowski , Guillaume Langin , David Chiron , Bruno Guillet , Franck Marchis , Nicolas Biver , Gérard Arlic , Bernard Baudouin , Etienne Bertrand , Randall Blake , Cyrille Bosquet , John K. Bradley , Isabelle Brocard , Christophe Cac , Alain Cagna , Nicolas Castel , Eric Chariot , Olivier Clerget , Tom Coarrase , Lucas Cogniaux , Julien Collot , Christophe Coté , Michel Deconinck , Jean-Paul Desgrees , Josselin Desmars , Giuseppe Di Tommaso , José Donas , William Drapeaud , Todd Forrester , Florent Frémont , Keiichi Fukui , Paul Garde , Jérôme Gaudilliere , Pascal Gaudin , Alexis Giacomoni , David Gineste , Patrice Girard , Jean Claude Gomez , Chuck Goodman , Gerard-Philippe Grandjean , Philippe Guiglion , David Havell , Patrick Huth , Kachi Iwai , Marc-Etienne Julien , Rachel Knight , Ryuichi Kukita , Petri Kuossari , Jean-Michel Ladruze , Anis Ben Lassoued , Cédric Latgé , Jean-Marie Laugier , Matthieu Lauvernier , Patrice Le Guen , Jean-Charles Le Tarnec , Didier Lefoulon , Liouba Leroux , Niniane Leroux , Arnaud Leroy , Chelsey Logan , Yohann Lorand , Elisabeth Maris , Jean-Pierre Masini , Nicola Meneghelli , Laurent Millart , Eric Miny , Mike Mitchell , Baptiste Montoya , Fabrice Mortecrette , Anouchka Nardi , Antoine Ngo , Denis Nicolas , Raphael Nicollerat , Takaya Okada , Wataru Ono , George Patatoukas , Jacqueline Payet-Ayrault , Patrick Picard , Claude Porchel , Kanai Potts , Michel Quienen , Martial Relier , Fabien Richardot , Darren Rivett , Matthew Ryno , Fadi Saibi , Sophie Saibi , Christian Sartini , Hiromichi Sasaki , Philippe Seibert , Masao Shimizu , Lucas Sifoni , Georges Simard , Petri Tikkanen , Ian Transom , Bernard Tregon , Frank Tyrlik , Laurent Vadrot , Michel Veuillet , Christian Voirol , Stefan Will , Corine Yahia , Phil Yehle , Neil Yoblonsky , Wai-Chun Yue

Gateway Centaur and Jupiter co-orbital P/2019 LD2 (ATLAS) (Sarid et al. 2019) provides the first opportunity to observe the migration of a Solar System small body from a Centaur orbit to a Jupiter Family Comet (JFC) four decades from now…

Extending the investigation of the presumed primordial comet as part of continuing work on a new model of the Kreutz sungrazer system, I confront a previously derived set of orbital elements with Aristotle's remarks in his Meteorologica to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-22 Zdenek Sekanina

We report the discovery of a Jupiter-mass planet orbiting an M-dwarf star that gave rise to the microlensing event OGLE-2011-BLG-0265. Such a system is very rare among known planetary systems and thus the discovery is important for…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 J. Skowron , I. -G. Shin , A. Udalski , C. Han , T. Sumi , Y. Shvartzvald , A. Gould , D. Dominis-Prester , R. A. Street , U. G. Jørgensen , D. P. Bennett , V. Bozza , M. K. Szymański , M. Kubiak , G. Pietrzyński , I. Soszyński , R. Poleski , S. Kozłowski , P. Pietrukowicz , K. Ulaczyk , Ł. Wyrzykowski , F. Abe , A. Bhattacharya , I. A. Bond , C. S. Botzler , M. Freeman , A. Fukui , D. Fukunaga , Y. Itow , C. H. Ling , N. Koshimoto , K. Masuda , Y. Matsubara , Y. Muraki , S. Namba , K. Ohnishi , L. C. Philpott , N. Rattenbury , T. Saito , D. J. Sullivan , D. Suzuki , P. J. Tristram , P. C. M. Yock , D. Maoz , S. Kaspi , M. Friedman , L. A. Almeida , V. Batista , G. Christie , J. -Y. Choi , D. L. DePoy , B. S. Gaudi , C. Henderson , K. -H. Hwang , F. Jablonski , Y. K. Jung , C. -U. Lee , J. McCormick , T. Natusch , H. Ngan , H. Park , R. W. Pogge , J. Yee , M. D. Albrow , E. Bachelet , J. -P. Beaulieu , S. Brillant , J. A. R. Caldwell , A. Cassan , A. Cole , E. Corrales , Ch. Coutures , S. Dieters , J. Donatowicz , P. Fouqué , J. Greenhill , N. Kains , S. R. Kane , D. Kubas , J. -B. Marquette , R. Martin , J. Menzies , K. R. Pollard , C. Ranc , K. C. Sahu , J. Wambsganss , A. Williams , D. Wouters , Y. Tsapras , D. M. Bramich , K. Horne , M. Hundertmark , C. Snodgrass , I. A. Steele , K. A. Alsubai , P. Browne , M. J. Burgdorf , S. Calchi Novati , P. Dodds , M. Dominik , S. Dreizler , X. -S. Fang , C. -H. Gu , Hardis , K. Harpsøe , F. V. Hessman , T. C. Hinse , A. Hornstrup , J. Jessen-Hansen , E. Kerins , C. Liebig , M. Lund , M. Lundkvist , L. Mancini , M. Mathiasen , M. T. Penny , S. Rahvar , D. Ricci , G. Scarpetta , J. Skottfelt , J. Southworth , J. Surdej , J. Tregloan-Reed , O. Wertz

Comet 81P (Wild 2) is characterized by the presence of a prominent-fan shaped dust emission originating from an active source at high latitude on the nucleus, whose axis is assumed to coincide with the comet's rotation axis. Therefore,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-31 V. Oldani , F. Manzini , P. Ochner , A. Reguitti , L. R. Bedin , F. Kugel , J. F. Soulier , O. Erece , D. T. Köseoğlug , Ç. Nehir , T. Özişikg

The interstellar comet 2I/Borisov bears a strong resemblance to Oort Cloud comets, judging from its appearance in images taken over the first six weeks of observation. To test the proposed affinity in more diagnostic terms, 2I is compared…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-23 Zdenek Sekanina
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