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The effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs) significantly relies on the quality of the prompts they receive. However, even when processing identical prompts, LLMs can yield varying outcomes due to differences in their training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Fouad Trad , Ali Chehab

Generating diverse responses from large language models (LLMs) is crucial for applications such as planning/search and synthetic data generation, where diversity provides distinct answers across generations. Prior approaches rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Justin Wong , Yury Orlovskiy , Michael Luo , Sanjit A. Seshia , Joseph E. Gonzalez

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely adopted due to their remarkable performance across various applications, driving the accelerated development of a large number of diverse models. However, these individual LLMs show limitations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Kaushal Kumar Maurya , KV Aditya Srivatsa , Ekaterina Kochmar

Oversampling is one of the most widely used approaches for addressing imbalanced classification. The core idea is to generate additional minority samples to rebalance the dataset. Most existing methods, such as SMOTE, require converting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Dang Nguyen , Sunil Gupta , Kien Do , Thin Nguyen , Taylor Braund , Alexis Whitton , Svetha Venkatesh

This paper investigates the voting behaviors of Large Language Models (LLMs), specifically GPT-4 and LLaMA-2, their biases, and how they align with human voting patterns. Our methodology involved using a dataset from a human voting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Joshua C. Yang , Damian Dailisan , Marcin Korecki , Carina I. Hausladen , Dirk Helbing

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit varying strengths and weaknesses across different tasks, prompting recent studies to explore the benefits of ensembling models to leverage their complementary advantages. However, existing LLM ensembling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Yuxuan Yao , Han Wu , Mingyang Liu , Sichun Luo , Xiongwei Han , Jie Liu , Zhijiang Guo , Linqi Song

Probing techniques have shown promise in revealing how LLMs encode human-interpretable concepts, particularly when applied to curated datasets. However, the factors governing a dataset's suitability for effective probe training are not…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yongjie Wang , Yibo Wang , Xin Zhou , Zhiqi Shen

While existing alignment paradigms have been integral in developing large language models (LLMs), LLMs often learn an averaged human preference and struggle to model diverse preferences across cultures, demographics, and communities. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Shangbin Feng , Taylor Sorensen , Yuhan Liu , Jillian Fisher , Chan Young Park , Yejin Choi , Yulia Tsvetkov

Large language models (LLMs) have delivered significant breakthroughs across diverse domains but can still produce unreliable or misleading outputs, posing critical challenges for real-world applications. While many recent studies focus on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Yang Nan , Pengfei He , Ravi Tandon , Han Xu

We consider the problem of aligning a large language model (LLM) to model the preferences of a human population. Modeling the beliefs, preferences, and behaviors of a specific population can be useful for a variety of different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Keiichi Namikoshi , Alex Filipowicz , David A. Shamma , Rumen Iliev , Candice L. Hogan , Nikos Arechiga

LLM Ensemble -- which involves the comprehensive use of multiple large language models (LLMs), each aimed at handling user queries during downstream inference, to benefit from their individual strengths -- has gained substantial attention…

In the absence of abundant reliable annotations for challenging tasks and contexts, how can we expand the frontier of LLM capabilities with potentially wrong answers? We focus on two research questions: (1) Can LLMs generate reliable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Jihan Yao , Wenxuan Ding , Shangbin Feng , Lucy Lu Wang , Yulia Tsvetkov

Large language models (LLMs) are demonstrably capable of cross-lingual transfer, but can produce inconsistent output when prompted with the same queries written in different languages. To understand how language models are able to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zheng Wei Lim , Alham Fikri Aji , Trevor Cohn

In various work contexts, such as meeting scheduling, collaborating, and project planning, collective decision-making is essential but often challenging due to diverse individual preferences, varying work focuses, and power dynamics among…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Marios Papachristou , Longqi Yang , Chin-Chia Hsu

Recent work in large language modeling (LLMs) has used fine-tuning to align outputs with the preferences of a prototypical user. This work assumes that human preferences are static and homogeneous across individuals, so that aligning to a a…

Large language models increasingly rely on explicit reasoning chains and can produce multiple plausible responses for a given context. We study the candidate sampler that produces the set of plausible responses contrasting the ancestral…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Sergey Troshin , Irina Saparina , Antske Fokkens , Vlad Niculae

Large Language Models (LLMs) optimized to output truthful answers often overfit, producing brittle reasoning that fails to generalize. While persuasion-based optimization has shown promise in debate settings, it has not been systematically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Aksel Joonas Reedi , Corentin Léger , Julien Pourcel , Loris Gaven , Perrine Charriau , Guillaume Pourcel

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have opened new perspectives for automation in optimization. While several studies have explored how LLMs can generate or solve optimization models, far less is understood about what these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Francesca Da Ros , Luca Di Gaspero , Kevin Roitero

Semantic caching enhances the efficiency of large language model (LLM) systems by identifying semantically similar queries, storing responses once, and serving them for subsequent equivalent requests. However, existing semantic caching…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Shervin Ghaffari , Zohre Bahranifard , Mohammad Akbari

Ensemble learning is a methodology that integrates multiple DNN learners for improving prediction performance of individual learners. Diversity is greater when the errors of the ensemble prediction is more uniformly distributed. Greater…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Ling Liu , Wenqi Wei , Ka-Ho Chow , Margaret Loper , Emre Gursoy , Stacey Truex , Yanzhao Wu