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Aligning large language models (LLMs) typically aim to reflect general human values and behaviors, but they often fail to capture the unique characteristics and preferences of individual users. To address this gap, we introduce the concept…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Minjun Zhu , Yixuan Weng , Linyi Yang , Yue Zhang

Traditional recommendation algorithms are not designed to provide personalized recommendations based on user preferences provided through text, e.g., "I enjoy light-hearted comedies with a lot of humor". Large Language Models (LLMs) have…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Aaron Goldstein , Ayan Dutta

Personalized preference alignment for large language models (LLMs), the process of tailoring LLMs to individual users' preferences, is an emerging research direction spanning the area of NLP and personalization. In this survey, we present…

This study proposes a novel methodology for generating personalized fake news debunking messages by prompting Large Language Models (LLMs) with persona-based inputs aligned to the Big Five personality traits: Extraversion, Agreeableness,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Pietro Dell'Oglio , Alessandro Bondielli , Francesco Marcelloni , Lucia C. Passaro

Recommendation systems play a critical role in enhancing user experience and engagement in various online platforms. Traditional methods, such as Collaborative Filtering (CF) and Content-Based Filtering (CBF), rely heavily on past user…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Xiaochuan Xu , Zeqiu Xu , Peiyang Yu , Jiani Wang

We introduce and study artificial impressions--patterns in LLMs' internal representations of prompts that resemble human impressions and stereotypes based on language. We fit linear probes on generated prompts to predict impressions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Nicholas Deas , Kathleen McKeown

Large language models (LLMs) are used to generate content for a wide range of tasks, and are set to reach a growing audience in coming years due to integration in product interfaces like ChatGPT or search engines like Bing. This intensifies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Hannah Rose Kirk , Bertie Vidgen , Paul Röttger , Scott A. Hale

Recent work in large language modeling (LLMs) has used fine-tuning to align outputs with the preferences of a prototypical user. This work assumes that human preferences are static and homogeneous across individuals, so that aligning to a a…

Text embedding has become a foundational technology in natural language processing (NLP) during the deep learning era, driving advancements across a wide array of downstream tasks. While many natural language understanding challenges can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Zhijie Nie , Zhangchi Feng , Mingxin Li , Cunwang Zhang , Yanzhao Zhang , Dingkun Long , Richong Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are highly vulnerable to input perturbations, as even a small prompt change may result in a substantially different output. Existing methods to enhance LLM robustness are primarily focused on perturbed data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Aryan Agrawal , Lisa Alazraki , Shahin Honarvar , Marek Rei

Smart home automation systems aim to improve the comfort and convenience of users in their living environment. However, adapting automation to user needs remains a challenge. Indeed, many systems still rely on hand-crafted routines for each…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Jordan Rey-Jouanchicot , André Bottaro , Eric Campo , Jean-Léon Bouraoui , Nadine Vigouroux , Frédéric Vella

Deep Research agents driven by LLMs have automated the scholarly discovery pipeline, from planning and query formulation to iterative web exploration. Yet they remain constrained by a static, ``one-size-fits-all'' retrieval paradigm.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xiaopeng Li , Wenlin Zhang , Yingyi Zhang , Pengyue Jia , Yejing Wang , Yichao Wang , Yong Liu , Huifeng Guo , Xiangyu Zhao

Prompt engineering is a challenging and important task due to the high sensitivity of Large Language Models (LLMs) to the given prompt and the inherent ambiguity of a textual task instruction. Automatic prompt engineering is essential to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Elad Levi , Eli Brosh , Matan Friedmann

Personalization has emerged as a critical research area in modern intelligent systems, focusing on mining users' behavioral history and adapting to their preferences for delivering tailored experiences. Despite the remarkable few-shot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Yuchen Zhuang , Haotian Sun , Yue Yu , Rushi Qiang , Qifan Wang , Chao Zhang , Bo Dai

LLM serving systems typically treat user prompts as monolithic inputs, optimizing inference through decoding tricks or inter-query batching. However, many real-world prompts contain latent semantic parallelism--decomposable structures where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Steven Kolawole , Keshav Santhanam , Virginia Smith , Pratiksha Thaker

State-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) are typically deployed as online services, requiring users to transmit detailed prompts to cloud servers. This raises significant privacy concerns. In response, we introduce ConfusionPrompt, a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Peihua Mai , Youjia Yang , Ran Yan , Rui Ye , Yan Pang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as transformative tools for natural language understanding and user intent resolution, enabling tasks such as translation, summarization, and, increasingly, the orchestration of complex workflows.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Justus Flerlage , Alexander Acker , Odej Kao

The rapid integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into software engineering practice is reshaping how software testing activities are performed. LLMs are increasingly used to support software testing. Consequently, software testing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Peng Yang , Yunfeng Zhu , Chao Chang , Shengcheng Yu , Zhenyu Chen , Yong Tang

This paper presents LLM4ES, a novel framework that exploits large pre-trained language models (LLMs) to derive user embeddings from event sequences. Event sequences are transformed into a textual representation, which is subsequently used…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Aleksei Shestov , Omar Zoloev , Maksim Makarenko , Mikhail Orlov , Egor Fadeev , Ivan Kireev , Andrey Savchenko

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed human-computer interaction by enabling natural language-based communication with AI-powered chatbots. These models are designed to be intuitive and user-friendly, allowing users to articulate…