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Machine learning techniques face numerous challenges to achieve optimal performance. These include computational constraints, the limitations of single-view learning algorithms and the complexity of processing large datasets from different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Abdelmalik Moujahid , Fadi Dornaika

Sensitivity Analysis is a framework to assess how conclusions drawn from missing outcome data may be vulnerable to departures from untestable underlying assumptions. We extend the E-value, a popular metric for quantifying robustness of…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-31 Wu Xue , Abbas Zaidi

Rapid improvements in the performance of machine learning models have pushed them to the forefront of data-driven decision-making. Meanwhile, the increased integration of these models into various application domains has further highlighted…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Oscar Gomez , Steffen Holter , Jun Yuan , Enrico Bertini

Score matching is a vital tool for learning the distribution of data with applications across many areas including diffusion processes, energy based modelling, and graphical model estimation. Despite all these applications, little work…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-03 Josh Givens , Song Liu , Henry W J Reeve

Clinical decision support using data mining techniques offers more intelligent way to reduce the decision error in the last few years. However, clinical datasets often suffer from high missingness, which adversely impacts the quality of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-20 Xuetong Wu , Hadi Akbarzadeh Khorshidi , Uwe Aickelin , Zobaida Edib , Michelle Peate

The use of flexible machine-learning (ML) models to generate imputations of missing data within the framework of Multiple Imputation (MI) has recently gained traction, particularly in observational settings. For randomised controlled trials…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-07 Mia S. Tackney , Jonathan W. Bartlett , Elizabeth Williamson , Kim May Lee

Imputing missing values is an important preprocessing step in data analysis, but the literature offers little guidance on how to choose between different imputation models. This letter suggests adopting the imputation model that generates a…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-07-13 Moritz Marbach

We consider the topic of data imputation, a foundational task in machine learning that addresses issues with missing data. To that end, we propose MCFlow, a deep framework for imputation that leverages normalizing flow generative models and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Trevor W. Richardson , Wencheng Wu , Lei Lin , Beilei Xu , Edgar A. Bernal

Imputation methods for dealing with incomplete data typically assume that the missingness mechanism is at random (MAR). These methods can also be applied to missing not at random (MNAR) situations, where the user specifies some adjustment…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-24 Shahab Jolani , Stef van Buuren

Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation (TMLE) is increasingly used for doubly robust causal inference, but how missing data should be handled when using TMLE with data-adaptive approaches is unclear. Based on the Victorian Adolescent Health…

Incomplete data is a persistent challenge in real-world datasets, often governed by complex and unobservable missing mechanisms. Simulating missingness has become a standard approach for understanding its impact on learning and analysis.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Youran Zhou , Mohamed Reda Bouadjenek , Sunil Aryal

Healthcare data, particularly in critical care settings, presents three key challenges for analysis. First, physiological measurements come from different sources but are inherently related. Yet, traditional methods often treat each…

Applications · Statistics 2025-12-01 Ali Akbar Septiandri , Deyu Ming , F. Alejandro DiazDelaO , Takoua Jendoubi , Samiran Ray

We consider the problem of full information maximum likelihood (FIML) estimation in a factor analysis model when a majority of the data values are missing. The expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm is often used to find the FIML…

Computation · Statistics 2013-12-20 Kei Hirose , Sunyong Kim , Yutaka Kano , Miyuki Imada , Manabu Yoshida , Masato Matsuo

Interactive model analysis, the process of understanding, diagnosing, and refining a machine learning model with the help of interactive visualization, is very important for users to efficiently solve real-world artificial intelligence and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-07 Shixia Liu , Xiting Wang , Mengchen Liu , Jun Zhu

Multivariate time series with missing values are common in areas such as healthcare and finance, and have grown in number and complexity over the years. This raises the question whether deep learning methodologies can outperform classical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-21 Vincent Fortuin , Dmitry Baranchuk , Gunnar Rätsch , Stephan Mandt

Business Process Visualisations (BPVs) have become indispensable tools for organisations seeking to enhance their operational efficiency, decision-making capabilities, and overall performance. The burgeoning interest in process modeling and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-16 E. C. Overes , F. M. Santoro

A wide range of systems exhibit high dimensional incomplete data. Accurate estimation of the missing data is often desired, and is crucial for many downstream analyses. Many state-of-the-art recovery methods involve supervised learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-15 Adrian V. Dalca , John Guttag , Mert R. Sabuncu

This paper proposes a new framework of algorithmic recourse (AR) that works even in the presence of missing values. AR aims to provide a recourse action for altering the undesired prediction result given by a classifier. Existing AR methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Kentaro Kanamori , Takuya Takagi , Ken Kobayashi , Yuichi Ike

Missing data is a widespread problem in many domains, creating challenges in data analysis and decision making. Traditional techniques for dealing with missing data, such as excluding incomplete records or imputing simple estimates (e.g.,…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Massimo Perini , Milos Nikolic

Longitudinal studies are frequently used in medical research and involve collecting repeated measures on individuals over time. Observations from the same individual are invariably correlated and thus an analytic approach that accounts for…