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This research proposes a Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) data processing method for non-destructive detection of tunnel lining internal defects, called defect segmentation. To perform this critical step of automatic tunnel lining detection,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Senlin Yang , Zhengfang Wang , Jing Wang , Anthony G. Cohn , Jiaqi Zhang , Peng Jiang , Peng Jiang , Qingmei Sui

We develop a framework for Gaussian processes regression constrained by boundary value problems. The framework may be applied to infer the solution of a well-posed boundary value problem with a known second-order differential operator and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Mamikon Gulian , Ari Frankel , Laura Swiler

Dynamic Treatment Regimes (DTRs) provide a systematic framework for optimizing sequential decision-making in chronic disease management, where therapies must adapt to patients' evolving clinical profiles. Inverse probability weighting (IPW)…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-26 Chloe Si , David A. Stephens , Erica E. M. Moodie

There has been recent interest in extending the ideas of False Discovery Rates (FDR) to variable selection in regression settings. Traditionally the FDR in these settings has been defined in terms of the coefficients of the full regression…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-02-12 Max Grazier G'Sell , Trevor Hastie , Robert Tibshirani

This paper introduces a new periodic fractional autoregressive process (PFAR) driven by fractional Gaussian noise (fGn) to model time series of precipitation evapotranspiration. Compared with the similar model in [\emph{Water Resources…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Chunhao Cai , Yiwu Shang

The present paper reports on the recent activity of the data analysis software development for total-reflection high-energy positron diffraction (TRHEPD), a novel experimental technique for surface structure determination. Experiments using…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-07-14 Kazuyuki Tanaka , Takeo Hoshi , Izumi Mochizuki , Takashi Hanada , Ayahiko Ichimiya , Toshio Hyodo

A generic fast method for object classification is proposed. In addition, a method for dimensional reduction is presented. The presented algorithms have been applied to real-world data from chip fabrication successfully to the task of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Thomas Olschewski

Many popular piecewise regression models rely on minimizing a cost function on the model fit with a linear penalty on the number of segments. However, this penalty does not take into account varying complexities of the model functions on…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-06 Stefan Volz , Martin Storath , Andreas Weinmann

Robust tensor completion (RTC) aims to recover a low-rank tensor from its incomplete observation with outlier corruption. The recently proposed tensor ring (TR) model has demonstrated superiority in solving the RTC problem. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Zhenhao Huang , Yuning Qiu , Xinqi Chen , Weijun Sun , Guoxu Zhou

Partial mean with generated regressors arises in several econometric problems, such as the distribution of potential outcomes with continuous treatments and the quantile structural function in a nonseparable triangular model. This paper…

Econometrics · Economics 2018-11-02 Ying-Ying Lee

Random forests construct each tree with a different, randomised representation of the feature space. Their uniform voting cannot correct errors in regions where trees with incorrect representations probabilistically outnumber correct ones,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Youngjoon Park

Outlier detection of semiconductor devices is important since manufacturing variation is inherently inevitable. In order to properly detect outliers, it is necessary to consider the discrepancy from underlying trend. Conventional methods…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-26 Kyohei Shimozato , Michihiro Shintani , Takashi Sato

Estimating individualized treatment rules (ITRs) is fundamental to precision medicine, where the goal is to tailor treatment decisions to individual patient characteristics. While numerous methods have been developed for ITR estimation,…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-15 Eun Jeong Oh , Min Qian

Since the weak convergence for stochastic processes does not account for the growth of information over time which is represented by the underlying filtration, a slightly erroneous stochastic model in weak topology may cause huge loss in…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-27 Jiajie Tao , Hao Ni , Chong Liu

We tackle the problem of sampling from intractable high-dimensional density functions, a fundamental task that often appears in machine learning and statistics. We extend recent sampling-based approaches that leverage controlled stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Dinghuai Zhang , Ricky T. Q. Chen , Cheng-Hao Liu , Aaron Courville , Yoshua Bengio

Ridge regression (RR) is a regularization technique that penalizes the L2-norm of the coefficients in linear regression. One of the challenges of using RR is the need to set a hyperparameter ($\alpha$) that controls the amount of…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-05-08 Ariel Rokem , Kendrick Kay

The patterns on wafer maps play a crucial role in helping engineers identify the causes of production issues during semiconductor manufacturing. In order to reduce costs and improve accuracy, automation technology is essential, and recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Qiyu Wei , Xun Xu , Zeng Zeng , Xulei Yang

The recently proposed statistical finite element (statFEM) approach synthesises measurement data with finite element models and allows for making predictions about the unknown true system response. We provide a probabilistic error analysis…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-17 Toni Karvonen , Fehmi Cirak , Mark Girolami

A reexamination of period finding algorithms is prompted by new large area astronomical sky surveys that can identify billions of individual sources having a thousand or more observations per source. This large increase in data necessitates…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-05 Douglas P. Finkbeiner , Thomas A. Prince , Samuel E. Whitebook

The vector autoregressive (VAR) model has been used to describe the dependence within and across multiple time series. This is a model for stationary time series which can be extended to allow the presence of a deterministic trend in each…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-14 Xixi Li , Jingsong Yuan