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Speaker-Attributed Automatic Speech Recognition (SAA) enhances traditional ASR systems by incorporating relative speaker identity tags directly into the transcript (e.g., [Speaker 1]:, [Speaker 2]:). In this work, we extend the capabilities…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Hagai Aronowitz , Zvi Kons , Avihu Dekel , George Saon , Ron Hoory

Semi-supervised training (SST) is a common approach to leverage untranscribed/unlabeled speech data to improve automatic speech recognition performance in low-resource languages. However, if the available unlabeled speech is mismatched to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Jayadev Billa

The success of large language models (LLMs) has prompted efforts to integrate speech and audio data, aiming to create general foundation models capable of processing both textual and non-textual inputs. Recent advances, such as GPT-4o,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Fan Bu , Yuhao Zhang , Xidong Wang , Benyou Wang , Qun Liu , Haizhou Li

This paper introduces a novel application of Test-Time Training (TTT) for Speech Enhancement, addressing the challenges posed by unpredictable noise conditions and domain shifts. This method combines a main speech enhancement task with a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-21 Avishkar Behera , Riya Ann Easow , Venkatesh Parvathala , K. Sri Rama Murty

Semi-Supervised Domain Adaptation (SSDA) is a recently emerging research topic that extends from the widely-investigated Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) by further having a few target samples labeled, i.e., the model is trained with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-24 mengqun Jin , Kai Li , Shuyan Li , Chunming He , Xiu Li

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has reduced the reliance on expensive labeling in speech technologies by learning meaningful representations from unannotated data. Since most SSL-based downstream tasks prioritize content information in…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Giuseppe Ruggiero , Matteo Testa , Jurgen Van de Walle , Luigi Di Caro

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance in text summarization, yet their performance often falls short when applied to specialized domains that differ from their original pre-training distribution. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Xue-Yong Fu , Elena Khasanova , Md Tahmid Rahman Laskar , Harsh Saini , Shashi Bhushan TN

This paper introduces the integration of language-specific bi-directional context into a speech large language model (SLLM) to improve multilingual continuous conversational automatic speech recognition (ASR). We propose a character-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yizhou Peng , Hexin Liu , Eng Siong Chng

Deep learning approaches for semantic segmentation rely primarily on supervised learning approaches and require substantial efforts in producing pixel-level annotations. Further, such approaches may perform poorly when applied to unseen…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Ying Chen , Xu Ouyang , Kaiyue Zhu , Gady Agam

Safety for Large Language Models (LLMs) has been an ongoing research focus since their emergence and is even more relevant nowadays with the increasing capacity of those models. Currently, there are several guardrails in place for all…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Eduard Stefan Dinuta , Iustin Sirbu , Traian Rebedea

One of the major challenges for developing automatic speech recognition (ASR) for low-resource languages is the limited access to labeled data with domain-specific variations. In this study, we propose a pseudo-labeling approach to develop…

Speech quality assessment typically requires evaluating audio from multiple aspects, such as mean opinion score (MOS) and speaker similarity (SIM) \etc., which can be challenging to cover using one small model designed for a single task. In…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-02 Siyin Wang , Wenyi Yu , Yudong Yang , Changli Tang , Yixuan Li , Jimin Zhuang , Xianzhao Chen , Xiaohai Tian , Jun Zhang , Guangzhi Sun , Lu Lu , Yuxuan Wang , Chao Zhang

Grammar competency estimation is essential for assessing linguistic proficiency in both written and spoken language; however, the spoken modality presents additional challenges due to its spontaneous, unstructured, and disfluent nature.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Sourya Dipta Das , Shubham Kumar , Kuldeep Yadav

The cost of annotating transcriptions for large speech corpora becomes a bottleneck to maximally enjoy the potential capacity of deep neural network-based automatic speech recognition models. In this paper, we present a new training…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-06 Jihwan Bang , Heesu Kim , YoungJoon Yoo , Jung-Woo Ha

Auditory Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance across a wide range of speech and audio understanding tasks. Nevertheless, they often struggle when applied to low-resource tasks. In case in-domain labeled data are…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Haolong Zheng , Siyin Wang , Zengrui Jin , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson

As large language models (LLMs) continue to advance, improving them solely through human supervision is becoming increasingly costly and limited in scalability. As models approach human-level capabilities in certain domains, human feedback…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Haoyan Yang , Mario Xerri , Solha Park , Huajian Zhang , Yiyang Feng , Sai Akhil Kogilathota , Jiawei Zhou

Collecting sufficient labeled data for spoken language understanding (SLU) is expensive and time-consuming. Recent studies achieved promising results by using pre-trained models in low-resource scenarios. Inspired by this, we aim to ask:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Yifan Peng , Siddhant Arora , Yosuke Higuchi , Yushi Ueda , Sujay Kumar , Karthik Ganesan , Siddharth Dalmia , Xuankai Chang , Shinji Watanabe

Reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated potential in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), but such training typically demands substantial efforts in creating and annotating data. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Hangfan Zhang , Siyuan Xu , Zhimeng Guo , Huaisheng Zhu , Shicheng Liu , Xinrun Wang , Qiaosheng Zhang , Yang Chen , Peng Ye , Lei Bai , Shuyue Hu

User interaction with voice-powered agents generates large amounts of unlabeled utterances. In this paper, we explore techniques to efficiently transfer the knowledge from these unlabeled utterances to improve model performance on Spoken…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-14 Aditya Siddhant , Anuj Goyal , Angeliki Metallinou

There is a surge in interest in self-supervised learning approaches for end-to-end speech encoding in recent years as they have achieved great success. Especially, WavLM showed state-of-the-art performance on various speech processing…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-21 Hyungchan Song , Sanyuan Chen , Zhuo Chen , Yu Wu , Takuya Yoshioka , Min Tang , Jong Won Shin , Shujie Liu