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While large language models (LLMs) exhibit state-of-the-art performance in various tasks, recent studies have revealed their struggle for code translation. This is because they haven't been extensively pre-trained with parallel multilingual…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Qingxiao Tao , Tingrui Yu , Xiaodong Gu , Beijun Shen

Large Language Models (LLM) show strong abilities in code generation, but their skill in creating efficient parallel programs is less studied. This paper explores how LLMs generate task-based parallel code from three kinds of input prompts:…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Linus Bantel , Moritz Strack , Alexander Strack , Dirk Pflüger

The rapid proliferation of diverse programming languages presents both opportunities and challenges for developing multilingual code LLMs. While existing techniques often train code LLMs by simply aggregating multilingual code data, few…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Shangbo Yun , Xiaodong Gu , Jianghong Huang , Beijun Shen

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly improved code generation, particularly in one-pass code generation. However, most existing approaches focus solely on generating code in a single programming language, overlooking the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Tengfei Xue , Xuefeng Li , Tahir Azim , Roman Smirnov , Jianhui Yu , Arash Sadrieh , Babak Pahlavan

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in code generation, yet their true programming competence remains underexplored. We introduce the Code Triangle framework, which systematically evaluates LLMs across three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Taolin Zhang , Zihan Ma , Maosong Cao , Junnan Liu , Songyang Zhang , Kai Chen

The increasing popularity of large language models (LLMs) has paved the way for their application in diverse domains. This paper proposes a benchmarking framework tailored specifically for evaluating LLM performance in the context of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Mingjie Liu , Nathaniel Pinckney , Brucek Khailany , Haoxing Ren

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been widely studied in the code translation field on the method, class, and even repository levels. However, most of these benchmarks are limited in terms of Third-Party Library (TPL)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Pengyu Xue , Kunwu Zheng , Zhen Yang , Yifei Pei , Linhao Wu , Jiahui Dong , Xiapu Luo , Yan Xiao , Fei Liu , Yuxuan Zhang , Xiran Lyu , Xianhang Li , Xuanyu Zhu , Chengyi Wang

Code translation aims to convert a program from one programming language (PL) to another. This long-standing software engineering task is crucial for modernizing legacy systems, ensuring cross-platform compatibility, enhancing performance,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Marcos Macedo , Yuan Tian , Pengyu Nie , Filipe R. Cogo , Bram Adams

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable abilities to generate code, however their ability to develop software for embedded systems, which requires cross-domain knowledge of hardware and software has not been studied. In this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Zachary Englhardt , Richard Li , Dilini Nissanka , Zhihan Zhang , Girish Narayanswamy , Joseph Breda , Xin Liu , Shwetak Patel , Vikram Iyer

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in register-transfer level (RTL) design automation, but direct RTL generation remains difficult to validate, optimize, and integrate with compiler-based hardware design flows. Hardware…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Shuo Yin , Yihe Wang , Lancheng Zou , Xufeng Yao , Tinghuan Chen , Chen Bai , Zhengrong Wang , Tsung-Yi Ho , Bei Yu

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT and Copilot, are transforming software development by automating code generation and, arguably, enable rapid prototyping, support education, and boost productivity. Therefore, correctness and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Robin Beer , Alexander Feix , Tim Guttzeit , Tamara Muras , Vincent Müller , Maurice Rauscher , Florian Schäffler , Welf Löwe

As large language models (LLMs) become integral to code-related tasks, a central question emerges: Do LLMs truly understand program semantics? We introduce EquiBench, a new benchmark for evaluating LLMs through equivalence checking, i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Anjiang Wei , Jiannan Cao , Ran Li , Hongyu Chen , Yuhui Zhang , Ziheng Wang , Yuan Liu , Thiago S. F. X. Teixeira , Diyi Yang , Ke Wang , Alex Aiken

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in advancing various fields of research and society. However, the current community of LLMs overly focuses on benchmarks for analyzing specific foundational skills (e.g.…

Testing plays a crucial role in the software development cycle, enabling the detection of bugs, vulnerabilities, and other undesirable behaviors. To perform software testing, testers need to write code snippets that execute the program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Wenhan Wang , Chenyuan Yang , Zhijie Wang , Yuheng Huang , Zhaoyang Chu , Da Song , Lingming Zhang , An Ran Chen , Lei Ma

This paper discusses the feasibility of using Large Language Models LLM for code generation with a particular application in designing an RISC. The paper also reviews the associated steps such as parsing, tokenization, encoding, attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Shadeeb Hossain , Aayush Gohil , Yizhou Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across various NLP tasks. Additionally, LLMs are also highly valuable in supporting software engineering tasks, particularly in the field of code generation. Automatic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Zhijie Liu , Yutian Tang , Xiapu Luo , Yuming Zhou , Liang Feng Zhang

Context: Due to the demand for strong algorithmic reasoning, complex logic implementation, and strict adherence to input/output formats and resource constraints, competitive programming generation by large language models (LLMs) is…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Minnan Wei , Ziming Li , Xiang Chen , Menglin Zheng , Ziyan Qu , Cheng Yu , Siyu Chen , Xiaolin Ju

Code translation aims to convert source code from one programming language (PL) to another. Given the promising abilities of large language models (LLMs) in code synthesis, researchers are exploring their potential to automate code…

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has enhanced software development processes, minimizing the time and effort required for coding and enhancing developer productivity. However, despite their potential benefits, code…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Swaroop Dora , Deven Lunkad , Naziya Aslam , S. Venkatesan , Sandeep Kumar Shukla

General large language models (LLMs), represented by ChatGPT, have demonstrated significant potential in tasks such as code generation in software engineering. This has led to the development of specialized LLMs for software engineering,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Zibin Zheng , Kaiwen Ning , Yanlin Wang , Jingwen Zhang , Dewu Zheng , Mingxi Ye , Jiachi Chen