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Training and serving long-context large language models (LLMs) incurs substantial overhead. To address this, two critical steps are often required: a pretrained LLM typically undergoes a separate stage for context length extension by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Suyu Ge , Xihui Lin , Yunan Zhang , Jiawei Han , Hao Peng

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized the field of AI, demonstrating unprecedented capacity across various tasks. However, the inference process for LLMs comes with significant computational costs. In this paper, we propose an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Zangwei Zheng , Xiaozhe Ren , Fuzhao Xue , Yang Luo , Xin Jiang , Yang You

Large Language Models (LLMs) enable various applications on edge devices such as smartphones, wearables, and embodied robots. However, their deployment often depends on expensive cloud-based APIs, creating high operational costs, which…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Yeshwanth Venkatesha , Souvik Kundu , Priyadarshini Panda

Droplet-based microfluidic devices have substantial promise as cost-effective alternatives to current assessment tools in biological research. Moreover, machine learning models that leverage tabular data, including input design parameters…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Dinh-Nguyen Nguyen , Raymond Kai-Yu Tong , Ngoc-Duy Dinh

On-device inference for Large Language Models (LLMs), driven by increasing privacy concerns and advancements of mobile-sized models, has gained significant interest. However, even mobile-sized LLMs (e.g., Gemma-2B) encounter unacceptably…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Daliang Xu , Hao Zhang , Liming Yang , Ruiqi Liu , Gang Huang , Mengwei Xu , Xuanzhe Liu

Attention serves as the fundamental mechanism for long-context modeling in large language models (LLMs), yet dense attention becomes structurally prohibitive for long sequences due to its quadratic complexity. Consequently, sparse attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Junxiang Qiu , Shuo Wang , Zhengsu Chen , Hengheng Zhang , Jinda Lu , Changcheng Li , Qi Tian

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks. However, the quadratic complexity of softmax attention remains a central bottleneck that limits their scalability. Alman and Song (NeurIPS…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Maryam Aliakbarpour , Vladimir Braverman , Junze Yin , Haochen Zhang

We consider the problem of accurate sparse fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs), that is, fine-tuning pretrained LLMs on specialized tasks, while inducing sparsity in their weights. On the accuracy side, we observe that standard…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Eldar Kurtic , Denis Kuznedelev , Elias Frantar , Michael Goin , Dan Alistarh

Language models have gained significant interest due to their general-purpose capabilities, which appear to emerge as models are scaled to increasingly larger parameter sizes. However, these large models impose stringent requirements on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Savitha Viswanadh Kandala , Pramuka Medaranga , Ambuj Varshney

Text generation with Large Language Models (LLMs) is known to be memory bound due to the combination of their auto-regressive nature, huge parameter counts, and limited memory bandwidths, often resulting in low token rates. Speculative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Raghavv Goel , Mukul Gagrani , Wonseok Jeon , Junyoung Park , Mingu Lee , Christopher Lott

A practical large language model (LLM) service may involve a long system prompt, which specifies the instructions, examples, and knowledge documents of the task and is reused across requests. However, the long system prompt causes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Lei Zhu , Xinjiang Wang , Wayne Zhang , Rynson W. H. Lau

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in multimodal understanding and generation tasks. However, their application to long video understanding remains hindered by the quadratic complexity of standard attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Letian Kang , Shixian Luo , Yiqiang Li , Yuxin Yin , Shenxuan Zhou , Xiaoyang Yu , Jin Yang , Yong Wu

Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) accelerates taskspecific large language models (LLMs) development, but the resulting proliferation of finetuned models incurs substantial memory overhead. Delta compression addresses this by retaining a single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Junlin Li , Shuangyong Song , Guodong Du , Ngai Wong , Xuebo Liu , Yongxiang Li , Min Zhang , Jing Li , Xuelong Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer strong capabilities but incur high inference costs due to dense computation and memory access. Training-free activation sparsity is a promising approach for efficient LLM inference, yet existing methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Lei Chen , Yuan Meng , Xiaoyu Zhan , Zhi Wang , Wenwu Zhu

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable emergent capabilities through extensive pre-training, they still face critical limitations in generalizing to specialized domains and handling diverse linguistic variations, known…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Jinwu Hu , Zhitian Zhang , Guohao Chen , Xutao Wen , Chao Shuai , Wei Luo , Bin Xiao , Yuanqing Li , Mingkui Tan

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in various fields, the efficiency of training and inference remains a major challenge. To address this issue, we propose SUBLLM, short for Subsampling-Upsampling-Bypass…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Quandong Wang , Yuxuan Yuan , Xiaoyu Yang , Ruike Zhang , Kang Zhao , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Daniel Povey , Bin Wang

As large language models (LLMs) show impressive performance on complex tasks, they still struggle with longer contextual understanding and high computational costs. To balance efficiency and quality, we introduce LLMSteer, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Zhuohan Gu , Jiayi Yao , Kuntai Du , Junchen Jiang

The growing gap between the increasing complexity of large language models (LLMs) and the limited computational budgets of edge devices poses a key challenge for efficient on-device inference, despite gradual improvements in hardware…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Xiangchen Li , Dimitrios Spatharakis , Saeid Ghafouri , Jiakun Fan , Hans Vandierendonck , Deepu John , Bo Ji , Dimitrios Nikolopoulos

Recent advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated satisfactory performance across various vision-language tasks. Current approaches for vision and language interaction fall into two categories:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Feipeng Ma , Yizhou Zhou , Zheyu Zhang , Shilin Yan , Hebei Li , Zilong He , Siying Wu , Fengyun Rao , Yueyi Zhang , Xiaoyan Sun

When using supervised fine-tuning (SFT) to adapt large language models (LLMs) to specific domains, a significant challenge arises: should we use the entire SFT dataset for fine-tuning? Common practice often involves fine-tuning directly on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Xiang Liu , Zhaoxiang Liu , Peng Wang , Kohou Wang , Huan Hu , Kai Wang , Shiguo Lian