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The Vision Transformer (ViT) excels in global modeling but faces deployment challenges on resource-constrained devices due to the quadratic computational complexity of its attention mechanism. To address this, we propose the Semantic-Aware…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Youbing Hu , Yun Cheng , Anqi Lu , Dawei Wei , Zhijun Li

Parameter-efficient transfer learning (PETL) has shown great potential in adapting a vision transformer (ViT) pre-trained on large-scale datasets to various downstream tasks. Existing studies primarily focus on minimizing the number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zheng Liu , Jinchao Zhu , Nannan Li , Gao Huang

Intrigued by the inherent ability of the human visual system to identify salient regions in complex scenes, attention mechanisms have been seamlessly integrated into various Computer Vision (CV) tasks. Building upon this paradigm, Vision…

Test-Time Training (TTT) has recently emerged as a promising direction for efficient sequence modeling. TTT reformulates attention operation as an online learning problem, constructing a compact inner model from key-value pairs at test…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Dongchen Han , Yining Li , Tianyu Li , Zixuan Cao , Ziming Wang , Jun Song , Yu Cheng , Bo Zheng , Gao Huang

Since being introduced in 2020, Vision Transformers (ViT) has been steadily breaking the record for many vision tasks and are often described as ``all-you-need" to replace ConvNet. Despite that, ViTs are generally computational,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Chuong H. Nguyen , Su Huynh , Vinh Nguyen , Ngoc Nguyen

The Vision Transformer (ViT) architecture has established its place in computer vision literature, however, training ViTs for RGB-D object recognition remains an understudied topic, viewed in recent literature only through the lens of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Georgios Tziafas , Hamidreza Kasaei

We present in this paper a new architecture, named Convolutional vision Transformer (CvT), that improves Vision Transformer (ViT) in performance and efficiency by introducing convolutions into ViT to yield the best of both designs. This is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Haiping Wu , Bin Xiao , Noel Codella , Mengchen Liu , Xiyang Dai , Lu Yuan , Lei Zhang

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance on various vision tasks. However, ViTs' self-attention module is still arguably a major bottleneck, limiting their achievable hardware efficiency. Meanwhile, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Haoran You , Zhanyi Sun , Huihong Shi , Zhongzhi Yu , Yang Zhao , Yongan Zhang , Chaojian Li , Baopu Li , Yingyan Celine Lin

Vision Transformers (ViT) have recently emerged as a powerful alternative to convolutional networks (CNNs). Although hybrid models attempt to bridge the gap between these two architectures, the self-attention layers they rely on induce a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Stéphane d'Ascoli , Levent Sagun , Giulio Biroli , Ari Morcos

The integration of Large Language Model (LLMs) blocks with Vision Transformers (ViTs) holds immense promise for vision-only tasks by leveraging the rich semantic knowledge and reasoning capabilities of LLMs. However, a fundamental challenge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Selim Kuzucu , Muhammad Ferjad Naeem , Anna Kukleva , Federico Tombari , Bernt Schiele

Vision Transformers (ViT) have shown rapid progress in computer vision tasks, achieving promising results on various benchmarks. However, due to the massive number of parameters and model design, \textit{e.g.}, attention mechanism,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Yanyu Li , Geng Yuan , Yang Wen , Ju Hu , Georgios Evangelidis , Sergey Tulyakov , Yanzhi Wang , Jian Ren

Recently, Vision Transformers (ViTs) have attracted a lot of attention in the field of computer vision. Generally, the powerful representative capacity of ViTs mainly benefits from the self-attention mechanism, which has a high computation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Deli Yu , Teng Xi , Jianwei Li , Baopu Li , Gang Zhang , Haocheng Feng , Junyu Han , Jingtuo Liu , Errui Ding , Jingdong Wang

Vision Transformers (ViTs) deliver state-of-the-art accuracy but their quadratic attention cost and redundant computations severely hinder deployment on latency and resource-constrained platforms. Existing pruning approaches treat either…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Mohammad Helal Uddin , Liam Seymour , Sabur Baidya

Motivated by biological evolution, this paper explains the rationality of Vision Transformer by analogy with the proven practical evolutionary algorithm (EA) and derives that both have consistent mathematical formulation. Then inspired by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Jiangning Zhang , Xiangtai Li , Yabiao Wang , Chengjie Wang , Yibo Yang , Yong Liu , Dacheng Tao

Visual Transformers (VTs) are emerging as an architectural paradigm alternative to Convolutional networks (CNNs). Differently from CNNs, VTs can capture global relations between image elements and they potentially have a larger…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Yahui Liu , Enver Sangineto , Wei Bi , Nicu Sebe , Bruno Lepri , Marco De Nadai

A Vision Transformer (ViT) is a simple neural architecture amenable to serve several computer vision tasks. It has limited built-in architectural priors, in contrast to more recent architectures that incorporate priors either about the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Hugo Touvron , Matthieu Cord , Hervé Jégou

Recent years have witnessed the great success of vision transformer (ViT), which has achieved state-of-the-art performance on multiple computer vision benchmarks. However, ViT models suffer from vast amounts of parameters and high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Guanyu Xu , Zhiwei Hao , Yong Luo , Han Hu , Jianping An , Shiwen Mao

In recent years, the Vision Transformer (ViT) has garnered significant attention within the computer vision community. However, the core component of ViT, Self-Attention, lacks explicit spatial priors and suffers from quadratic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Qihang Fan , Huaibo Huang , Mingrui Chen , Hongmin Liu , Ran He

Vision Transformer (ViT) has achieved excellent performance and demonstrated its promising potential in various computer vision tasks. The wide deployment of ViT in real-world tasks requires a thorough understanding of the societal impact…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Bowei Tian , Ruijie Du , Yanning Shen

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in capturing global dependencies but often struggle to efficiently represent fine-grained local details. Existing multi-scale approaches alleviate this issue by integrating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Qiyang Yu , Yu Fang , Tianrui Li , Xuemei Cao , Yan Chen , Jianghao Li , Fan Min