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This research compares PDF parsing and Optical Character Recognition (OCR) methods for extracting Nepali content from PDFs. PDF parsing offers fast and accurate extraction but faces challenges with non-Unicode Nepali fonts. OCR,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Prabin Paudel , Supriya Khadka , Ranju G. C. , Rahul Shah , Basanta Joshi

The success rates of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) systems for printed Malayalam documents is quite impressive with the state of the art accuracy levels in the range of 85-95% for various. However for real applications, further…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2012-05-09 Sajilal Divakaran

Optical character recognition (OCR) has advanced rapidly with deep learning and multimodal models, yet most methods focus on well-resourced scripts such as Latin and Chinese. Ethnic minority languages remain underexplored due to complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Bonan Liu , Zeyu Zhang , Bingbing Meng , Han Wang , Hanshuo Zhang , Chengping Wang , Daji Ergu , Ying Cai

Word error rate of an ocr is often higher than its character error rate. This is especially true when ocrs are designed by recognizing characters. High word accuracies are critical to tasks like the creation of content in digital libraries…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Deepayan Das , Jerin Philip , Minesh Mathew , C. V. Jawahar

The biggest challenge in the field of image processing is to recognize documents both in printed and handwritten format. Optical Character Recognition OCR is a type of document image analysis where scanned digital image that contains either…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-12-05 Singh Vijendra , Nisha Vasudeva , Hem Jyotsana Parashar

A great deal of historical corpora suffer from errors introduced by the OCR (optical character recognition) methods used in the digitization process. Correcting these errors manually is a time-consuming process and a great part of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-23 Mika Hämäläinen , Simon Hengchen

Despite significant advancements in Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs), a gap remains, particularly regarding their interpretability and how they locate and interpret textual information within images. In this paper, we explore various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Ingeol Baek , Hwan Chang , Sunghyun Ryu , Hwanhee Lee

The performance of optical character recognition (OCR) heavily relies on document image quality, which is crucial for automatic document processing and document intelligence. However, most existing document enhancement methods require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Jiaxin Zhang , Joy Rimchala , Lalla Mouatadid , Kamalika Das , Sricharan Kumar

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) of eighteenth-century printed texts remains challenging due to degraded print quality, archaic glyphs, and non-standardized orthography. Although transformer-based OCR systems and Vision-Language Models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Ari Vesalainen , Eetu Mäkelä , Laura Ruotsalainen , Mikko Tolonen

The analysis of historical documents is still a topical issue given the importance of information that can be extracted and also the importance given by the institutions to preserve their heritage. The main idea in order to characterize the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-08-30 Nizar Zaghden , Remy Mullot , Mohamed Adel Alimi

We describe a novel line-level script identification method. Previous work repurposed an OCR model generating per-character script codes, counted to obtain line-level script identification. This has two shortcomings. First, as a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-21 Yasuhisa Fujii , Karel Driesen , Jonathan Baccash , Ash Hurst , Ashok C. Popat

Online Continual Learning (OCL) is a critical area in machine learning, focusing on enabling models to adapt to evolving data streams in real-time while addressing challenges such as catastrophic forgetting and the stability-plasticity…

Parliamentary proceedings represent a rich yet challenging resource for computational analysis, particularly when preserved only as scanned historical documents. Existing efforts to transcribe Italian parliamentary speeches have relied on…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Luigi Curini , Alfio Ferrara , Giovanni Pagano , Sergio Picascia

Autonomous LLM agents increasingly operate in long-horizon, interactive settings where success depends on reusing experience accumulated over extended histories. However, existing agent memory systems are fundamentally constrained by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Jinze Li , Yang Zhang , Xin Yang , Jiayi Qu , Jinfeng Xu , Shuo Yang , Junhua Ding , Edith Cheuk-Han Ngai

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) in multilingual, noisy, and diverse real-world images remains a significant challenge for optical character recognition systems. With the rise of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), there is growing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Aryan Gupta , Anupam Purwar

Optical Music Recognition (OMR) is concerned with transcribing sheet music into a machine-readable format. The transcribed copy should allow musicians to compose, play and edit music by taking a picture of a music sheet. Complete…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Elona Shatri , György Fazekas

Existing optical character recognition (OCR) methods rely on task-specific designs with divergent paradigms, architectures, and training strategies, which significantly increases the complexity of research and maintenance and hinders the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Dezhi Peng , Zhenhua Yang , Jiaxin Zhang , Chongyu Liu , Yongxin Shi , Kai Ding , Fengjun Guo , Lianwen Jin

Current systems used by the Tunisian national archives for the automatic transcription of archival documents are hindered by many issues related to the performance of the optical character recognition (OCR) tools. Indeed, using a classical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Walid Elhedda , Maroua Mehri , Mohamed Ali Mahjoub

Recent advancements in deep neural networks have markedly enhanced the performance of computer vision tasks, yet the specialized nature of these networks often necessitates extensive data and high computational power. Addressing these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Jiayou Chao , Wei Zhu

The classical text preprocessing pipeline, comprising Tokenisation, Normalisation, Stop Words Removal, and Stemming/Lemmatisation, has been implemented in many systems for ontology matching (OM). However, the lack of standardisation in text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Zhangcheng Qiang , Kerry Taylor , Weiqing Wang