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Negation remains a persistent challenge for modern language models, often causing reversed meanings or factual errors. In this work, we conduct a causal analysis of how GPT-2 Small internally processes such linguistic transformations. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Abdullah Al Mofael , Lisa M. Kuhn , Ghassan Alkadi , Kuo-Pao Yang

Efficient reasoning about the semantic, spatial, and temporal structure of a scene is a crucial prerequisite for autonomous driving. We present NEural ATtention fields (NEAT), a novel representation that enables such reasoning for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Kashyap Chitta , Aditya Prakash , Andreas Geiger

The dominating NLP paradigm of training a strong neural predictor to perform one task on a specific dataset has led to state-of-the-art performance in a variety of applications (eg. sentiment classification, span-prediction based question…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Paul Michel

Reasoning using negation is known to be difficult for transformer-based language models. While previous studies have used the tools of psycholinguistics to probe a transformer's ability to reason over negation, none have focused on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Antonio Laverghetta , John Licato

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown strong capability in semantic understanding and visual reasoning, yet their use on continuous video streams in bandwidth-constrained edge-cloud systems incurs prohibitive computation and…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Qi Guo , Zheming Yang , Yunqing Hu , Chang Zhao , Wen Ji

Although large language models (LLMs) have apparently acquired a certain level of grammatical knowledge and the ability to make generalizations, they fail to interpret negation, a crucial step in Natural Language Processing. We try to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Iker García-Ferrero , Begoña Altuna , Javier Álvez , Itziar Gonzalez-Dios , German Rigau

Negation is a common everyday phenomena and has been a consistent area of weakness for language models (LMs). Although the Information Retrieval (IR) community has adopted LMs as the backbone of modern IR architectures, there has been…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Orion Weller , Dawn Lawrie , Benjamin Van Durme

In real-world applications, dynamic scenarios require the models to possess the capability to learn new tasks continuously without forgetting the old knowledge. Experience-Replay methods store a subset of the old images for joint training.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Xinyuan Gao , Songlin Dong , Yuhang He , Xing Wei , Yihong Gong

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable generalization capabilities across a wide range of tasks. However, their performance often remains suboptimal when directly applied to specific downstream scenarios without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Hao Dong , Lijun Sheng , Jian Liang , Ran He , Eleni Chatzi , Olga Fink

Negations are key to determining sentence meaning, making them essential for logical reasoning. Despite their importance, negations pose a substantial challenge for large language models (LLMs) and remain underexplored. We constructed and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Tereza Vrabcová , Marek Kadlčík , Petr Sojka , Michal Štefánik , Michal Spiegel

Vision-Language Translation (VLT) is a challenging task that requires accurately recognizing multilingual text embedded in images and translating it into the target language with the support of visual context. While recent Large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Xintong Wang , Jingheng Pan , Yixiao Liu , Xiaohu Zhao , Chenyang Lyu , Minghao Wu , Chris Biemann , Longyue Wang , Linlong Xu , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong capability in a wide range of tasks such as visual recognition, document parsing, and visual grounding. Nevertheless, recent work shows that while VLMs often manage to capture the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Chengxin Liu , Wonseok Choi , Chenshuang Zhang , Tae-Hyun Oh

Vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP achieve strong zero-shot recognition but degrade significantly under \textit{temporally evolving distribution shifts} common in real-world scenarios (e.g., gradual illumination or seasonal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Shuang Cui , Jinglin Xu , Yi Li , Xiongxin Tang , Jiangmeng Li , Jiahuan Zhou , Fanjiang Xu , Fuchun Sun , Hui Xiong

Vision-language models (VLMs) are increasingly deployed in socially sensitive applications, yet their behavior with respect to disability remains underexplored. We study disability aware descriptions for person centric images, where models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Srikant Panda , Sourabh Singh Yadav , Palkesh Malviya

Neural conditional language generation models achieve the state-of-the-art in Neural Machine Translation (NMT) but are highly dependent on the quality of parallel training dataset. When trained on low-quality datasets, these models are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Joël Tang , Marina Fomicheva , Lucia Specia

Foundational Large Language Models (LLMs) have changed the way we perceive technology. They have been shown to excel in tasks ranging from poem writing and coding to essay generation and puzzle solving. With the incorporation of image…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Mohammad Nadeem , Shahab Saquib Sohail , Erik Cambria , Björn W. Schuller , Amir Hussain

A domain shift exists between the large-scale, internet data used to train a Vision-Language Model (VLM) and the raw image streams collected by a robot. Existing adaptation strategies require the definition of a closed-set of classes, which…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Nicolas Harvey Chapman , Feras Dayoub , Will Browne , Christopher Lehnert

Translating text embedded in Web images is crucial for improving content accessibility and cross-lingual information retrieval, particularly within social media and e-commerce domains. Although Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Bo Li , Ronghao Chen , Ningyuan Deng , Huacan Wang , Shaolin Zhu , Lijie Wen

Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have achieved significant zero-shot performance on downstream tasks with various fine-tuning adaptation methods. However, recent studies have proven that adversarial attacks can significantly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jia-Wei Hai , Yijun Wang , Xiu-Shen Wei

Non-autoregressive Transformer (NAT) is a family of text generation models, which aims to reduce the decoding latency by predicting the whole sentences in parallel. However, such latency reduction sacrifices the ability to capture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Fei Huang , Tianhua Tao , Hao Zhou , Lei Li , Minlie Huang