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In recent years, tremendous progress has been made on numerical algorithms for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) in a very high dimension, using ideas from either nonlinear (multilevel) Monte Carlo or deep learning. They are…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-12-13 Weinan E , Jiequn Han , Arnulf Jentzen

Physics-informed deep learning often faces optimization challenges due to the complexity of solving partial differential equations (PDEs), which involve exploring large solution spaces, require numerous iterations, and can lead to unstable…

The numerical solution of high dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) is severely constrained by the curse of dimensionality (CoD), rendering classical grid--based methods impractical beyond a few dimensions. In recent years,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Wenzhong Zhang , Zheyuan Hu , Wei Cai , George EM Karniadakis

Modeling sequential patterns from data is at the core of various time series forecasting tasks. Deep learning models have greatly outperformed many traditional models, but these black-box models generally lack explainability in prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Yingtao Luo , Chang Xu , Yang Liu , Weiqing Liu , Shun Zheng , Jiang Bian

The numerical solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) is challenging because of the need to resolve spatiotemporal features over wide length and timescales. Often, it is computationally intractable to resolve the finest features…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2019-08-22 Yohai Bar-Sinai , Stephan Hoyer , Jason Hickey , Michael P. Brenner

The discovery of partial differential equations (PDEs) is a challenging task that involves both theoretical and empirical methods. Machine learning approaches have been developed and used to solve this problem; however, it is important to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-09 Kalpesh More , Tapas Tripura , Rajdip Nayek , Souvik Chakraborty

Accurate modeling of physical systems governed by partial differential equations is a central challenge in scientific computing. In oceanography, high-resolution current data are critical for coastal management, environmental monitoring,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Abdessamad El-Kabid , Loubna Benabbou , Redouane Lguensat , Alex Hernández-García

The term `surrogate modeling' in computational science and engineering refers to the development of computationally efficient approximations for expensive simulations, such as those arising from numerical solution of partial differential…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-08-12 Maarten V. de Hoop , Daniel Zhengyu Huang , Elizabeth Qian , Andrew M. Stuart

Neural networks have shown significant potential in solving partial differential equations (PDEs). While deep networks are capable of approximating complex functions, direct one-shot training often faces limitations in both accuracy and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-10 Mingxing Weng , Zhiping Mao , Jie Shen

This paper develops a probabilistic numerical method for solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) and studies application of that method to PDE-constrained inverse problems. This approach enables the solution of challenging inverse…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-07-12 Jon Cockayne , Chris Oates , Tim Sullivan , Mark Girolami

Over the last decade, data-driven methods have surged in popularity, emerging as valuable tools for control theory. As such, neural network approximations of control feedback laws, system dynamics, and even Lyapunov functions have attracted…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-27 Luke Bhan , Yuexin Bian , Miroslav Krstic , Yuanyuan Shi

Neural operators (NOs) struggle with high-contrast multiscale partial differential equations (PDEs), where fine-scale heterogeneities cause large errors. To address this, we use the Generalized Multiscale Finite Element Method (GMsFEM) that…

Solving partial differential equations (PDEs) is a fundamental problem in science and engineering. While neural PDE solvers can be more efficient than established numerical solvers, they often require large amounts of training data that is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Daniel Musekamp , Marimuthu Kalimuthu , David Holzmüller , Makoto Takamoto , Mathias Niepert

A statistical learning approach for parametric PDEs related to Uncertainty Quantification is derived. The method is based on the minimization of an empirical risk on a selected model class and it is shown to be applicable to a broad range…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-01-07 Martin Eigel , Reinhold Schneider , Philipp Trunschke , Sebastian Wolf

Predicting outcomes and planning interactions with the physical world are long-standing goals for machine learning. A variety of such tasks involves continuous physical systems, which can be described by partial differential equations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Philipp Holl , Vladlen Koltun , Nils Thuerey

Solving partial differential equations (PDE) is an indispensable part of many branches of science as many processes can be modelled in terms of PDEs. However, recent numerical solvers require manual discretization of the underlying equation…

Partial differential equations (PDEs) are often computationally challenging to solve, and in many settings many related PDEs must be be solved either at every timestep or for a variety of candidate boundary conditions, parameters, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Tian Qin , Alex Beatson , Deniz Oktay , Nick McGreivy , Ryan P. Adams

Multiscale and multiphysics problems need novel numerical methods in order for them to be solved correctly and predictively. To that end, we develop a wavelet based technique to solve a coupled system of nonlinear partial differential…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-03-22 Cale Harnish , Luke Dalessandro , Karel Matous , Daniel Livescu

The solution to partial differential equations using deep learning approaches has shown promising results for several classes of initial and boundary-value problems. However, their ability to surpass, particularly in terms of accuracy,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-08-23 Ziad Aldirany , Régis Cottereau , Marc Laforest , Serge Prudhomme

Cross-Reynolds generalisation in neural PDE solvers remains poorly characterised. On the canonical forced 2D Navier-Stokes benchmark, a trained Fourier Neural Operator reaches 46.68% relative L2 error under a 10x Reynolds-number shift, yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jianing Shi