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Travel behavior prediction is a core problem in transportation demand management and is traditionally addressed using numerical models calibrated on observed data. With recent advances in large language models (LLMs), new opportunities have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Baichuan Mo , Hanyong Xu , Ruoyun Ma , Jung-Hoon Cho , Dingyi Zhuang , Xiaotong Guo , Jinhua Zhao

Recent advances in text-only "slow-thinking" reasoning have prompted efforts to transfer this capability to vision-language models (VLMs), for training visual reasoning models (\textbf{VRMs}). owever, such transfer faces critical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Pu Jian , Junhong Wu , Wei Sun , Chen Wang , Shuo Ren , Jiajun Zhang

Spatial reasoning is a fundamental aspect of human cognition, enabling intuitive understanding and manipulation of objects in three-dimensional space. While foundation models demonstrate remarkable performance on some benchmarks, they still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Fan-Yun Sun , Weiyu Liu , Siyi Gu , Dylan Lim , Goutam Bhat , Federico Tombari , Manling Li , Nick Haber , Jiajun Wu

Visual-based recognition, e.g., image classification, object detection, etc., is a long-standing challenge in computer vision and robotics communities. Concerning the roboticists, since the knowledge of the environment is a prerequisite for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Antonios Gasteratos , Konstantinos A. Tsintotas , Tobias Fischer , Yiannis Aloimonos , Michael Milford

Effectively understanding urban scenes requires fine-grained spatial reasoning about objects, layouts, and depth cues. However, how well current vision-language models (VLMs), pretrained on general scenes, transfer these abilities to urban…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Juneyoung Ro , Namwoo Kim , Yoonjin Yoon

Robot navigation in dynamic, human-centered environments requires socially-compliant decisions grounded in robust scene understanding. Recent Vision-Language Models (VLMs) exhibit promising capabilities such as object recognition,…

Spatial reasoning -- the ability to perceive and reason about relationships in space -- advances vision-language models (VLMs) from visual perception toward spatial semantic understanding. Existing approaches either revisit local image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Weijian Ma , Shizhao Sun , Tianyu Yu , Ruiyu Wang , Tat-Seng Chua , Jiang Bian

End-to-end autonomous driving systems are increasingly integrating Vision-Language Model (VLM) architectures, incorporating text reasoning or visual reasoning to enhance the robustness and accuracy of driving decisions. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Lingjun Zhang , Changjie Wu , Linzhe Shi , Jiangyang Li , Jiaxin Liu , Lei Yang , Hang Zhang , Mu Xu , Hong Wang

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) requires an agent to ground language instructions to its own movement within a visual environment. While state-of-the-art methods leverage the reasoning capabilities of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for…

Traditional neural network models for intent inference rely heavily on observable states and struggle to generalize across diverse tasks and dynamic environments. Recent advances in Vision Language Models (VLMs) and Vision Language Action…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Anshul Nayak , Shahil Shaik , Yue Wang

Motivated by the emergent reasoning capabilities of Vision Language Models (VLMs) and their potential to improve the comprehensibility of autonomous driving systems, this paper introduces a closed-loop autonomous driving controller called…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Keke Long , Haotian Shi , Jiaxi Liu , Xiaopeng Li

Text-to-point-cloud (T2P) localization aims to infer precise spatial positions within 3D point cloud maps from natural language descriptions, reflecting how humans perceive and communicate spatial layouts through language. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Shuhao Kang , Youqi Liao , Peijie Wang , Wenlong Liao , Qilin Zhang , Benjamin Busam , Xieyuanli Chen , Yun Liu

Objectives: The rapid advancement of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has significantly enhanced their reasoning capabilities, enabling a wide range of intelligent applications. However, these advancements also raise critical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Xian Zhang , Xiang Cheng

In this paper, we introduce VisioPath, a novel framework combining vision-language models (VLMs) with model predictive control (MPC) to enable safe autonomous driving in dynamic traffic environments. The proposed approach leverages a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-10 Shanting Wang , Panagiotis Typaldos , Chenjun Li , Andreas A. Malikopoulos

Large vision-language models (VLMs) fine-tuned on specialized visual instruction-following data have exhibited impressive language reasoning capabilities across various scenarios. However, this fine-tuning paradigm may not be able to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yuexiang Zhai , Hao Bai , Zipeng Lin , Jiayi Pan , Shengbang Tong , Yifei Zhou , Alane Suhr , Saining Xie , Yann LeCun , Yi Ma , Sergey Levine

The image geolocalization task aims to predict the location where an image was taken anywhere on Earth using visual clues. Existing large vision-language model (LVLM) approaches leverage world knowledge, chain-of-thought reasoning, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Yuxiang Ji , Yong Wang , Ziyu Ma , Yiming Hu , Hailang Huang , Xuecai Hu , Guanhua Chen , Liaoni Wu , Xiangxiang Chu

Geo-localization is the task of identifying the location of an image using visual cues alone. It has beneficial applications, such as improving disaster response, enhancing navigation, and geography education. Recently, Vision-Language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Oliver Grainge , Sania Waheed , Jack Stilgoe , Michael Milford , Shoaib Ehsan

Incremental decision making in real-world environments is one of the most challenging tasks in embodied artificial intelligence. One particularly demanding scenario is Vision and Language Navigation~(VLN) which requires visual and natural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Raphael Schumann , Wanrong Zhu , Weixi Feng , Tsu-Jui Fu , Stefan Riezler , William Yang Wang

Indoor navigation remains a complex challenge due to the absence of reliable GPS signals and the architectural intricacies of large enclosed environments. This study presents an indoor localization and navigation approach that integrates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Keyan Rahimi , Md. Wasiul Haque , Sagar Dasgupta , Mizanur Rahman

VLN has achieved remarkable progress by scaling data and model capacity. However, the assumption of a static environment breaks down in real-world indoor scenarios, where robots inevitably encounter dynamic pedestrians. Existing human-aware…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Haoxuan Xu , Tianfu Li , Wenbo Chen , Yi Liu , Jin Wu , Huashuo Lei , Yunfan Lou , Lujia Wang , Hesheng Wang , Haoang Li