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We investigate the domain of satisfiable formulas in satisfiability modulo theories (SMT), in particular, automatic generation of a multitude of satisfying assignments to such formulas. Despite the long and successful history of SMT in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Matan Peled , Bat-Chen Rothenberg , Shachar Itzhaky

We develop a simple functional programming language aimed at manipulating infinite, but first-order definable structures, such as the countably infinite clique graph or the set of all intervals with rational endpoints. Internally, such sets…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-04-06 Bartek Klin , Michał Szynwelski

Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) solvers have been successfully applied to solve many problems in formal verification such as bounded model checking (BMC) for many classes of systems from integrated circuits to cyber-physical systems.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Luan V. Nguyen , Wesam Haddad , Taylor T. Johnson

Computing the conditional mode of a distribution, better known as the $\mathit{maximum\ a\ posteriori}$ (MAP) assignment, is a fundamental task in probabilistic inference. However, MAP estimation is generally intractable, and remains hard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Matthew Shorvon , Frederik Mallmann-Trenn , David S. Watson

This paper deals with the algorithmic aspects of solving feasibility problems of semidefinite programming (SDP), aka linear matrix inequalities (LMI). Since in some SDP instances all feasible solutions have irrational entries, numerical…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-28 Vladimir Kolmogorov , Simone Naldi , Jeferson Zapata

Both hybrid automata and action languages are formalisms for describing the evolution of dynamic systems. This paper establishes a formal relationship between them. We show how to succinctly represent hybrid automata in an action language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-07-27 Joohyung Lee , Nikhil Loney , Yunsong Meng

Answer set programming (ASP) is a paradigm for declarative problem solving where problems are first formalized as rule sets, i.e., answer-set programs, in a uniform way and then solved by computing answer sets for programs. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-08-31 Mai Nguyen , Tomi Janhunen , Ilkka Niemelä

Writing accurate numerical software is hard because of many sources of unavoidable uncertainties, including finite numerical precision of implementations. We present a programming model where the user writes a program in a real-valued…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2013-09-11 Eva Darulova , Viktor Kuncak

Answer Set Programming Modulo Theories (ASPMT) is an approach to combining answer set programming and satisfiability modulo theories based on the functional stable model semantics. It is shown that the tight fragment of ASPMT programs can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Michael Bartholomew , Joohyung Lee

Bit-vector formulas arising from hardware verification problems often contain word-level arithmetic operations. Empirical evidence shows that state-of-the-art SMT solvers are not very efficient at reasoning about bit-vector formulas with…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-12-13 Supratik Chakraborty , Ashutosh Gupta , Rahul Jain

While the solution counting problem for propositional satisfiability (#SAT) has received renewed attention in recent years, this research trend has not affected other AI solving paradigms like answer set programming (ASP). Although ASP…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-12-23 Johannes Fichte , Markus Hecher , Michael Morak , Stefan Woltran

We study SMT problems over the reals containing ordinary differential equations. They are important for formal verification of realistic hybrid systems and embedded software. We develop delta-complete algorithms for SMT formulas that are…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-10-31 Sicun Gao , Soonho Kong , Edmund Clarke

We present a new algorithm for determining the satisfiability of conjunctions of non-linear polynomial constraints over the reals, which can be used as a theory solver for satisfiability modulo theory (SMT) solving for non-linear real…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Erika Ábrahám , James H. Davenport , Matthew England , Gereon Kremer

The boolean satisfiability (SAT) problem asks whether there exists an assignment of boolean values to the variables of an arbitrary boolean formula making the formula evaluate to True. It is well-known that all NP-problems can be coded as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Christopher R. Serrano , Jonathan Gallagher , Kenji Yamada , Alexei Kopylov , Michael A. Warren

Boolean satisfiability (SAT) is a fundamental NP-complete problem with many applications, including automated planning and scheduling. To solve large instances, SAT solvers have to rely on heuristics, e.g., choosing a branching variable in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Mikhail Shirokikh , Ilya Shenbin , Anton Alekseev , Sergey Nikolenko

SMT solvers use sophisticated techniques for polynomial (linear or non-linear) integer arithmetic. In contrast, non-polynomial integer arithmetic has mostly been neglected so far. However, in the context of program verification, polynomials…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Florian Frohn , Jürgen Giesl

We consider the problem of deciding the satisfiability of quantifier-free formulas in the theory of finite sets with cardinality constraints. Sets are a common high-level data structure used in programming; thus, such a theory is useful for…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Kshitij Bansal , Clark Barrett , Andrew Reynolds , Cesare Tinelli

Sphere packing, Hilbert's eighteenth problem, asks for the densest arrangement of congruent spheres in n-dimensional Euclidean space. Although relevant to areas such as cryptography, crystallography, and medical imaging, the problem remains…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Rasul Tutunov , Alexandre Maraval , Antoine Grosnit , Xihan Li , Jun Wang , Haitham Bou-Ammar

The Maximum Satisfiability (MaxSAT) problem is the problem of finding a truth assignment that maximizes the number of satisfied clauses of a given Boolean formula in Conjunctive Normal Form (CNF). Many exact solvers for MaxSAT have been…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-06-13 Mohamed El Halaby

On the one hand, Constraint Satisfaction Problems allow one to declaratively model problems. On the other hand, propositional satisfiability problem (SAT) solvers can handle huge SAT instances. We thus present a technique to declaratively…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-07-01 Frédéric Lardeux , Eric Monfroy , Broderick Crawford , Ricardo Soto